7(6'). Length of forearm 110-112 =P. admiralitatum colonus=, p. 796 7'. Length of forearm about 122 =P. howensis=, p. 797 8(2'). Forearm more than 145 9 8'. Forearm less than 144 12 9(8). Forearm more than 162 10 9'. Forearm less than 162 11 10(9). Forearm 167-173 =P. rayneri grandis=, p. 801 10'. Forearm about 164 =P. rayneri rubianus=, p. 802 11(9'). Flanks and lower belly brightly colored, Burnt Sienna to Sanford's Brown; forearm less than 150 =P. rayneri monoensis=, p. 803 11'. Flanks and lower belly darker, near tawny; forearm more than 150, =P. rayneri lavellanus=, p. 802 12(8'). Pelage of dorsum tricolored; rump brightly colored; forearm 139-141, =P. rayneri rayneri=, p. 800 12'. Pelage of dorsum bicolored; rump dark; forearm less than 135 13 13(12'). Mantle tawny with some Ochraceous-Buff; forearm about 130, =P. rayneri rennelli=, p. 804 13'. Mantle russet, lacking Ochraceous-Buff; forearm about 121, =P. rayneri cognatus=, p. 803 14(1'). Forearm more than 131; dorsum Tawny Olive =P. mahaganus=, p. 806 14'. Forearm less than 100; dorsum dark brown =P. woodfordi=, p. 804 =Pteropus= Brisson 1762. _Pteropus_ Brisson, Regnum animale ..., ed. 2, p. 153. _Remarks._--More species (seven) and subspecies (12) of _Pteropus_ occur in the Solomon Islands than of any other chiropteran genus. Other kinds of _Pteropus_, as yet unknown, may live there. The relationships among the species of these large fruit-eating bats, commonly termed "flying foxes," are obscure and the genus is in need of revision. The basic, definitive work is still that of Andersen (1912). Tate (1942) and Felten (1964_a_, 1964_b_) have offered some additional remarks but groupings and suggested relationships of species of _Pteropus_ almost entirely are the products of Kund Andersen. According to present-day concepts of variation and speciation, Andersen's criteria are artificial. Basically, there are three "species-groups" of _Pteropus_ in the Solomon Islands. The first is composed of species in which the rostrum is "unshortened" (its length about one third of greatest length of skull), and the cheek-teeth are of moderate size (M1 is 2.8-3.2 wide). The species are _P. hypomelanus_, _P. admiralitatum_, _P. tonganus_, and _P. howensis_. The first and second species were placed in the _Pteropus hypomelanus_ group by Andersen (1912:98).