_Remarks._--_Pteropus rayneri lavellanus_ inhabits islands geographically near those from which _P. r. rubianus_ is known (see Fig. 6) and in most respects the two subspecies closely resemble each other. _P. r. lavellanus_ is slightly the smaller (average length of forearm about 156 instead of 160) and darker. A bat from Narovo [Simbo] Island, only a few miles from Vella Lavella, identified by Sanborn (1931:16) on basis of its size as _P. r. rubianus_, resembled the subspecies _lavellanus_ in color and probably represents an intergrade between the two populations. The color of _P. r. lavellanus_ is close to that of _P. r. rubianus_ except that the crown, mantle, and foreneck are near Chestnut-Brown, the basal portions of hair black, and the fur of the venter, from sternum to pectoral region, is dark, almost black (compare with description of _P. r. rubianus_ under account of that subspecies). Measurements of the male examined are greater than those of the female studied. Andersen (1912:259) noted that the canine teeth are heavier in males than in females. =Pteropus rayneri monoensis= Lawrence 1945. _Pteropus rayneri monoensis_ Lawrence, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 23:63, March 26, type from Mono (Treasury); 1954, Laurie and Hill, List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands, p. 36, June 30. _Specimens examined._--None. _Remarks._--_Pteropus rayneri monoensis_ is the most recently described subspecies of _P. rayneri_. Lawrence (1945:63) judged that in most ways this bat is intermediate between _P. r. grandis_ and _P. r. lavellanus_. Coloration of _monoensis_ indicates affinity with the former, whereas length of forearm (145-148) approaches that in the latter. The small skull, narrow palate, and whitish rump patch of _monoensis_ are differences that distinguish it from _grandis_ and _lavellanus_. The relatively isolated position of Mono Island may have been important in establishment of the distinctive features of this bat. Lawrence (1945:65) quoted a collector as stating: "They [individuals of _P. r. monoensis_] rest quietly during the day in the tops of heavy-leaved, tall jungle trees, and start flying about dusk, looking for feeding spots. There is usually quite a flight for fifteen to twenty minutes at twilight...." No additional specimens of this subspecies have been collected on small adjacent islands and _monoensis_ may therefore be confined to Mono Island. =Pteropus rayneri cognatus= Andersen 1908. _Pteropus cognatus_ Andersen, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 2:365, October 1, type from San Cristobal; 1912, Andersen, Catalogue of the Chiroptera ... British Museum, 1:251; 1931, Sanborn, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 18:15, February 12, from San Cristobal and Ugi; 1954, Laurie and Hill, List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands, p. 35, June 30.