_Macroglossus_, the widest-ranging genus of macroglossine bats, occurs from southeastern Asia to the southern islands of the Solomon Archipelago (see Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1966:101; Laurie and Hill, 1954:44). One species, known also from Celebes and New Guinea, occurs in the Solomons and is represented there by an endemic subspecies. Numerous generic names have been applied, at one time or another, to bats now considered as _Macroglossus_. Trouessart (1904:65) and Miller (1907:70) listed the one bat of this genus occurring in the Solomons under _Carponycteris_ and _Kiodotus_, respectively. Andersen (1911:642; 1912:767) and, later, Sanborn (1931:22) identified this bat as _Macroglossus lagochilus microtus_. Troughton (1936:350), reporting an extension of range of this species in the Solomons, used the generic name _Odontonycteris_ without explanation. Andersen (1912:754) pointed out that Jentink originally established the name _Odontonycteris_ on the basis of an extra premolar in each upper jaw as opposed to the usual two in _Macroglossus_, and arranged _Odontonycteris_ as a synonym of _Macroglossus_ because "in no genus of Megachiroptera are dental anomalies of so frequent occurrence as in _Macroglossus_, and on no point of the jaws are these anomalies ... so often met with as on that occupied by the molar series." Sanborn (1931:22) and Phillips (1966:27) noted variation in number of incisors in _Macroglossus_ as well as in _Melonycteris_, another macroglossine genus. All of the more recent workers (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1966; Pohle, 1953; Laurie and Hill, 1954) use the name _Macroglossus_. =Macroglossus lagochilus= _Macroglossus lagochilus_ has at least three subspecies, one of which is endemic to the Solomons. The species ranges from Celebes on the west to the Solomon Islands on the east, occurring not only in New Guinea but also on many of the small adjacent islands (see Laurie and Hill, 1954:44). [Illustration: FIG. 10. Distribution of _Macroglossus lagochilus microtus_. For names of islands see Fig. 2.] =Macroglossus lagochilus microtus= Andersen 1911. _Macroglossus lagochilus microtus_ Andersen, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, 7:642, June, type from Guadalcanal, additional specimens from Florida; 1912, Andersen, Catalogue of the Chiroptera ... British Museum, 1:767; 1931, Sanborn, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 18:22, February 12, from San Cristobal; 1953, Pohle, Z. Säugetierk., 17:130, October 27, from Bougainville; 1954, Laurie and Hill, List of land mammals of New Guinea, Celebes and adjacent islands, p. 44, June 30. 1888. _Macroglossus australis_ (part). Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 476, December 4, from Guadalcanal. 1904. _Carponycteris nana_ (part), Trouessart, Catalogus Mammalium ..., Suppl., p. 65. 1907. _Kiodotus_ sp., Miller, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 57:70, June 29.