_Dewing of Mirrors._—The disposition of mirrors to become clouded over upon rises of temperature is a point meriting comment. When permanently left in a telescope, fully exposed out of doors, the speculum undergoes daily transitions. The heat generated in the interior of the tube by the sun’s action causes a thick film of moisture to form upon the silvered surface of the mirror, which remains in this state for a considerable time, though the moisture evaporates before the evening. The flat is similarly affected, and the result of these frequent changes is that the coating of silver becomes impaired and presents a crackly appearance all over the surface. Sometimes when a marked increase of temperature occurs towards evening the speculum is rendered totally unserviceable until it has been submitted to what Dr. Kitchiner terms a process of “roasting.” The vapour will soon disappear when the mirror is brought indoors and placed before a fire; but it is not till some time after it has been remounted in the tube that it will perform satisfactorily. Those who keep their mirrors in more equable temperatures will not experience these inconveniences, which may also in some measure be obviated by regularly placing a tight-fitting cap, inlaid with cotton-wool, over the speculum at the conclusion of work. This also protects the silver from the yellow sulphurous deposit which soon collects upon it if used in a town. All sudden variations of temperature act prejudicially on the performance of specula, and their best work is only accomplished when free from such disturbing elements. I have rarely found the flat to become dewed in a natural way during the progress of observation. If on a cold night the observer puts his hand upon its supports in order to alter its adjustment it instantly becomes dewed, or if he stands looking down the tube it is almost sure to be similarly affected; but in the ordinary course of work the flat is little liable to become dewed in sensible degree. With refractors dew-caps are very necessary, though they do not always prevent the deposition of moisture on the object-glass, and this occasions frequent wiping or drying, which in either case is very objectionable.