Tent Work in Palestine: A Record of Discovery and AdventureConder, C. R. (Claude Reignier)
History
Tent Work in Palestine: A Record of Discovery and Adventure
Conder, C. R. (Claude Reignier)
Palestine -- Description and travel
As ’Ain Tâbghah is not in the plain of Gennesaret, and as it does not
irrigate that plain--the modern aqueduct being apparently constructed to
supply some mills near Minieh--it seems impossible to identify this
spring with that mentioned by Josephus as the abode of the Coracinus.
And even if the Tâbghah spring were that of Capharnaum, the case for
Tell Hûm is not thereby strengthened, the distance from the spring to
that ruin (nearly two miles) being double that from the spring to
Minieh--scarcely three quarters of a mile.
In favour of the Minieh site we have then Jewish tradition, and the
existence of a spring fulfilling the description of Josephus; but it
must not be denied that in favour of Tell Hûm we have a Christian
tradition from the fourth century downwards.
Jerome places Capernaum two miles from Chorazin. If, as seems almost
certain, by the latter place he means the ruin of Kerâzeh, the
measurement is exactly that to Tell Hûm.
The account of Theodorus (532 A.D.) is more explicit, and seems indeed
almost conclusive as to the site of his Capernaum. Two miles from
Magdala he places the Seven Fountains, where the miracle of feeding the
five thousand was traditionally held to have taken place; these, as will
presently appear, were probably close to Minieh; and two miles from the
fountains was Capernaum, whence it was six miles to Bethsaida, on the
road to Banias. These measurements seem to point to Tell Hûm as the
sixth-century Capernaum.
Antoninus Martyr (600 A.D.) speaks of the great basilica in Capernaum,
which it is only natural to identify with the synagogue of Tell Hûm,
which seems probably (by comparison with those at Meirûn) to be the work
of Simeon Bar Jochai, the Cabbalist, who lived about 120 A.D.
Arculphus (700 A.D.) visited the fountain where the five thousand were
fed, and from the hill near it he saw Capernaum at no great distance on
a narrow tract between the lake and the northern hills. His account thus
agrees with that of Theodorus, though in itself so indefinite, that it
has been brought as evidence in favour of both the sites advocated for
Capernaum.
Sæwulf (1103 A.D.) proceeded along the shore for six miles, going
north-east from Tiberias, to the mountain where the five thousand were
fed, then called Mensa, or “table,” which had a church of St. Peter at
its feet. It is evident, from the measurements, that this hill was in
the neighbourhood of Minieh, where Theodorus also seems to place the
scene of the miracle, as above noticed.
John of Würtzburg (about 1100 A.D.) speaks of the mountain called Mensa,
with a fountain a mile distant, and Capernaum two miles away.
Fetellus (1150 A.D.) is yet more explicit. Capernaum, he says, is at the
head of the lake, two miles from the descent of the mountain, and
apparently three from the fountain where the five thousand were fed,
which fountain would probably be ’Ain-et-Tîn, a large source, west of
Minieh, and not far from the hill which Sæwulf points out as being the
Mensa.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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