Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
The celestial globe contains the figures of the several constellations
exquisitely drawn, the name of each being given in Latin, in Arabic, and
in Greek. One finds on this globe but the one short legend reading
“Stella praeclara et peregrina Anno D. 1572 et per annum et quatuor
menses, scilicet a principio Novvemb. usque ad ultimum Martii 1573.” “A
very bright and wandering star (appearing) in the year 1572 and for one
year and four months, visible from the first of November to the last of
March 1573.”
Another fine pair of Moroncelli’s manuscript globes, constructed in the
year 1716, is to be found in the Biblioteca Casanatense of Rome. They
have each a diameter of about 160 cm. and are mounted on plain octagonal
bases. The terrestrial has a graduated meridian of brass, a horizon
circle of wood, likewise graduated and having indicated on its surface
the several signs of the zodiac, the names of the months, and of the
principal winds. On the surface of the globe, the parallels and the
meridians are drawn at intervals of five degrees, the prime meridian
passing through the most western island of the Canaries. The address to
the reader, like that on the globe in the Alessandrian Library, is
practically a copy of the one to be found on the Greuter globe of the
year 1632. A lengthy legend relating to the prime meridian reads: “Ut
recta methodo ad cognitionem Geographie deveniamus, Principium desumere
a pᵒ Meridiano, a quo longitudo habetur, debemus. Unde sic. Quamvis
igitur Longitudinis initium arbitrarium sit, ab occasu tamen ejus
auspicium facere ideo Veteribus placuit quod illic aliquis Terre limes
esset inventus qui Ortum versus nullus expeditionibus deprehendi
potuisset atque eam ob causam Ptolemeus cujus sedulitati ac industriae
Geographie incolumitatem omnes vel inviti debent ab ultimo termino
Occidentis cognito que Insule in Atlantico mari Fortunate olim dicte
nunc Canariae vocantur auspicium fecit. In iisque Primum meridianum
defixit quod theticum principium deinceps fere omnes ejus auctoritate
moti retinuerunt. Nunnulli quidem Seculo transacto principium tenendum
censuere ubi Acus Magneti junctae recta in boream spectat: Sed multum
inter se dissentientes allucinantur. Nos autem Ptolomei vestigiis
insistentes easdem Insulas delegimus et Lineam meridionalem in Insula De
Ferro dicta que de Fortunatis ut olim et de Canariis nunc, una de
Principalibus est fiximus.” “That we may come to the right method for
acquiring a knowledge of geography we must make a beginning from the
first meridian from which longitude is reckoned. Although the beginning
of longitude is arbitrary it pleased the ancients to make this beginning
from the west because there was found a limit of the earth which could
not be found by voyages toward the east. For this reason Ptolemy, to
whose application and industry all men owe the preservation of geography
though grudgingly, made the beginning from the farthest known bounds of
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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