Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
We have no definite information as to the circumstances attending
Coronelli’s first interest in globe construction. It appears that his
first work in this line, a pair of large manuscript globes, opened
immediately to him a path to fame, for these had come to adorn the
library of the Duke of Parma to whom the French Cardinal, d’Estrées, in
the year 1680 had occasion to pay a visit and they immediately won the
cardinal’s interest. A pair of such globes, thought he, for so runs the
story, would be a source of great delight to His Majesty the French
King, Louis XIV. Learning that the construction of still larger globes
was altogether possible, but that their removal from Italy to France
would be attended with great difficulty, he persuaded Coronelli to
accept an invitation to take up a residence in Paris, there to direct
the construction of a terrestrial and a celestial globe, sparing neither
labor nor expense that they might be worthy of presentation to the Grand
Monarch. If Olearius could construct a globe ten feet and more in
diameter for Duke Frederick of Holstein, and Weigel one of similar
dimensions for the demonstration of his theories, why, thought
Coronelli, should I not undertake the preparation of those at least
fifteen feet in diameter, which in all the details of globe construction
should be made to surpass any that had hitherto been conceived? The
author himself has given us the first though brief description of his
completed work,[94] and the royal astronomer, La Hire, supplemented this
description in his little volume published in the year 1704, when the
globes had been placed in the Château Marly.[95] In the author’s own
account he alludes to the globes as having been constructed at Paris
under his direction, and by order of the Most Eminent Cardinal
d’Estrées, for the service of His Most Christian Majesty. Great care was
especially exercised in the construction of the machinery designed for
the rotation of the spheres, the author being especially proud of the
fact that, so delicate was this mechanism, each could be set in motion
by a single finger. He further gives us to understand that each sphere
was so well fashioned “one could design upon its surface all the degrees
in the manner in which a turner designs any circle on a ball without
having it removed from the turner’s lathe,” and that the material of
which they were constructed was so solid and so well joined that each
was able to sustain the weight of thirty men. Each was furnished with a
door through which a considerable number of persons might enter at one
time, their presence within affecting in no wise the solidity of
construction. Each was covered with fine canvas so carefully laid on
that none of the joints could be seen, giving a surface smooth as ivory.
The meridian and horizon circles were of bronze, the whole being
supported by columns which were richly ornamented. In the base, between
the four columns supporting the meridian circles, large compasses were
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