Seamstresses have the index finger of the left hand roughened by the constant pricking of the needle. Copyists have on the little finger of the right hand, near its extremity, a corn, and at the end of the middle finger a hard groove made by the pen. Violinists have corns on the tips of the fingers of the left hand, harpists on both hands. In smokers of pipes the incisors and canines are more or less worn by the mouthpiece, but sometimes the groove is between the canines and bicuspids. In cigarette smokers, the forefinger and thumb are stained with tobacco juice, also between the index and middle fingers, on the dorsum. In coachmen, corns may be formed between the thumb and index finger, and between the index and the second finger of the left hand, from the pressure of the reins, and between the thumb and index finger of the right hand, from the pressure of the whip. In bricklayers, from the constant action of picking up bricks, the flattening of the tip of the thumb and index finger of the left hand is not uncommon. Plasterers have corns on the external surfaces of the thumb and index finger, due to grasping the “hawk” on which the plaster is placed during their work. Joiners and carpenters have callosities on the palm of the right hand from grasping their tools, and between the thumb and index finger of the right hand, also over the first interphalangeal joint of the right index finger. The right shoulder is lower than the left. The finger-ends of turners and coppersmiths are also more or less flattened; in the latter, a deposit of the metal may take place. =To ascertain the time which may have elapsed since death.=--This can scarcely be determined with precision, as so much depends upon the conditions under which the body may have been placed. The subject under consideration is, therefore, beset with difficulties, and its elucidation will require the greatest care on the part of the medical expert. A careful attention, however, to the subjects treated in the following pages will help to clear up many a doubtful point. COOLING OF THE BODY { Covered by bed-clothes, or otherwise (1) External { unexposed, when cooling will be dry circumstances. { slower than in cold air quickly moving. (2) Condition of the } body itself. } Slow, if fat. { 1. Wasting diseases. Quick. { 2. Suffocation. Slow. (3) Kind of death. { 3. Cholera, yellow fever, } Increase { rheumatic fever, and } of heat cerebro-spinal meningitis. } after death.