Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicologyBuchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Science
Text-book of forensic medicine and toxicology
Buchanan, R. J. M. (Robert James McLean)
Medical jurisprudence; Poisons
Suicides may choose unusual regions, such as cutting of a large vessel
as the femoral artery in Scarpa‘s triangle, or by a limited incision,
the carotid in the neck, the injury may be about the genitals, and the
penis and scrotum have been amputated.
Accidental injuries may occur on any part of the body, but most
commonly on exposed parts.
The _nature_ and _extent_ of the wounds does not afford much
assistance; with the exception of contused wounds which are usually
homicidal or accidental, any other form of wound, particularly incised
or punctured wounds, may be suicidal or homicidal, and with regard to
gunshot wounds, much depends upon their position and extent. As a rule,
the suicide does not make several wounds, and the homicide may not only
inflict several but of a greater severity than are necessary to carry
out his purpose.
Suicides, especially when insane, may wound themselves severely
and cause great injuries by leaping from buildings or similar high
positions. In some cases suicides have inflicted several and varied
wounds on their bodies.
The _direction_ of suicidal wounds, when the person is right-handed,
is generally from above downwards and inwards on the chest, and on the
left side. An upward direction points rather to homicide.
=Cut throat wounds=, when suicidal and inflicted by the right hand, are
generally oblique from left to right, beginning higher up than they
end. They generally cross the thyroid cartilage, and the larger vessels
may escape; if made below the thyroid cartilage they are generally
smaller and horizontal. The skin is the last structure divided, and
there may be several so-called “tentative cuts.” It has been held
that when the large vessels are cut the suicide stops, but this is
incorrect, as in some cases the wound has reached the spine and the
vessels been quite severed. Suicides may try to decapitate themselves
from behind, and failing this stab themselves. A homicidal cut throat
wound, when made from the front with the right hand, commences on the
right side and is carried to the left; they are often deep incisions to
the vertebræ and the tissues “undercut” at the ends. A homicidal cut
throat wound when made from behind the victim resembles a suicidal one.
When wounds are present on the forearms, hands, and fingers, and if
there are injuries on other parts of the body also, the inference would
be that the hand wounds were received in guarding the throat or other
efforts at defence from a homicidal attack.
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