If the blow is made directly on the side of the chest the percussion is called _immediate_; if made upon an elastic solid body (pleximeter) laid on the outside of the chest it is _mediate_. The readiest and perhaps the best pleximeter is the middle finger of the left hand which is to be applied flat upon the side of the chest to receive the blow directed perpendicularly to its surface. In fat or fleshy subjects it should be pressed firmly on the surface so as to compress and condense the soft parts and render them better conductors of sound. Some use flat pieces of ivory, silver, caoutchouc but in employing these the nails of the right hand must be carefully pared, lest by striking the solid body they produce a sound which interferes with the true pulmonary resonance. In examining the chest the two sides should be compared and if allowance is made for the dulness felt in the lower half immediately behind the left elbow caused by the position of the heart, and the deadness of the sound on the last few ribs on the right side where the liver is situated, any further deviation from a bilateral symmetry of sound is indicative of disease. The general resonance will be decreased by a full stomach which prevents the full inflation of the lungs, and it will be increased if the animal stands on a wooden floor with an empty space below. A short statement of the degrees of resonance over the different parts of the chest in the various races of the domestic animals in a state of health may prove useful. =Horse.—Left side.= In the upper third the resonance is full behind the shoulder. It diminishes from the 13th rib backward and from the decreasing thickness of lung the blows should become less and less powerful. In this space forcible striking brings out the drum-like resonance of the abdominal organs. In the middle third the sound over the 5th and 6th ribs is distinct but not full; it increases to the 11th rib and then decreases to the last. In the lower third a very slight resonance may be observed over the 4th rib.; over the 5th, 6th, and 7th, where the heart approaches the surface the sound is dead; while from this to the 13th rib a slight resonance may be made out. =Right side.= The upper third resembles that on left side from the shoulder as far back as the 13th rib behind which anything above the gentlest blows brings out a drum-like sound from the large intestine (double colon) especially. This is clear when that is distended with gas. In the median third the resonance resembles that on the left side. In the lower third it equally corresponds as far as the seventh rib behind, which sound is dull because of the proximity of the liver. =Ox.—Left side.= The upper third is clear in sound from the eighth to the tenth ribs, and behind this by gentle tapping to the second last (twelfth). Forcible striking, however, brings out the drum-like sound of the upper sac of the paunch which always contains more or less air.