Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
In those which end in an early recovery there occurs a free and abundant
diarrhœa, the fæces containing solid flattened masses with black baked
or polished surface, the result of the detachment of the impacted layers
from between the folds of the third stomach. The tympany of the rumen
subsides, crepitation is renewed in the rumen and omasum, there is free
rumbling in the bowels, and the appetite gradually improves. The
softening and removal of the dessicated contents are slow and it may be
weeks before there is a complete restoration to normal conditions.
_Diagnosis._ The hurried pulse and breathing and the grunting with
expiration may be mistaken for pneumonia or pleurisy, but the
distinction can be made as in impacted rumen. There is at first no
fever, the tenderness is confined to the right side, the percussion
dullness of the chest is in the posterior part and distinctly referrible
to the loaded abdominal viscera, it is attended by no pulmonary
crepitation, indeed crepitation in rumen and omasum is lessened or
abolished, there is no pleural effusion, but there are the
unquestionable signs of gastric and intestinal disorder.
It may be confounded with overloading of the rumen, but in the latter
case the distension occurs rapidly, there is little or no indication of
movement of the viscus, appetite and rumination are usually early
suspended and the gaseous eructations are not putrid.
_Postmortem Appearances._ These are essentially connected with the
impaction of the omasum. This organ is gorged to twice its normal size
or larger, firm, solid and resistant, not easily taking an impression of
the finger, and having at times an almost stony hardness. When incised
the intervals between the folds are sure to be packed with dessicated
food, often so dry in the upper part that it may be rubbed down into a
grayish powder, and it has been compared to the cakes of linseed as they
come from the press. The surface of such cakes is smooth and dark, and
usually covered by a layer of epithelium which has detached itself from
the surface of the fold. This is usually quoted as a morbid
desquamation, but inasmuch as we frequently see it in perfectly healthy
conditions in animals killed in abattoirs, it must be admitted to occur
also as a normal physiological exfoliation. The exposed mucosa shows
spots and patches of congestion, extravasation, and even at times
ulceration, or slight areas of necrosis.
The rumen shows the result of torpor and inactivity. The ingesta is
largely packed into solid masses, which have advanced from the simple
acid fermentation, to evident putrefaction with offensive emanations.
The abomasum is empty or nearly so of ingesta, but contains abundance of
mucus and shows patches of congestion as in prolonged abstinence.
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