In cases occurring independently of previous disease, diarrhœa may be the first symptom noted, the malady being preceded by local irritation and congestion, but this soon gives place to constipation with alternating diarrhœa and the general train of symptoms above mentioned. The animal leaves the herd and is found lying apart on its left side with the nose in the right flank, the pulse and breathing quickened, the eyes congested, and a moan emitted occasionally in expiration. This is increased if the patient is raised and driven, especially down hill. He walks with stiff, arched back, unsteady gait and dragging limbs. Appetite may not be entirely lost at first, but only impaired and irregular, and as rumination ceases, grinding of the teeth becomes common. The secretion of milk is diminished or altogether arrested, and emaciation advances day by day. Fœtor of the eructations, the result of prolonged and septic fermentation in the rumen, is often a marked symptom. This form may last from ten to fourteen days and merge finally into paralysis of the hind limbs, drowsiness and stupor, or delirium and convulsions. In the more acute cases resulting from a sudden access of green food, a change of water, or the ingestion of irritant plants, the affection partakes more or less of the nature of congestion or inflammation of the viscus, and may run a rapidly fatal course. The animal may be seen apart from the herd in the characteristic recumbent position, with eyes red and glassy, eyelids semi-closed, and much drowsiness and stupor, but when raised he may still feed in a sleepy, listless manner. The bowels may be loose or confined, the pulse and breathing accelerated, the right hypochondrium firm and tender, and as in the other forms the crepitating sound of fermentation is slight or absent over the region of the manifolds. Soon nervous disorder appears, the eyes glare wildly, the animal seeks relief in motion, it may be in a straight line, or to one side, and being blind and unconscious of obstacles he may fall into pits, or ditches, dash against trees, fences or buildings, and if they offer sufficient resistance he will continue pushing, breaking teeth or horns, and subject to violent muscular contractions, causing even the grubs to start from the back. The nervous disorder is often further shown in loud and terrified bellowing as if chased by a dog or gored by one of its fellows. _Course._ Chronic cases may continue almost indefinitely the victims showing merely poor health, impaired digestion, and steady loss of condition. After death the omasum is sometimes found to contain dried materials, such as the animal has not had access to for from three to five months.