Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
This is mainly seen in the smaller vomiting animals. To kill horses or
cattle much larger doses are necessary than are likely to be taken.
Barlow and Dun gave 4 drs. to a horse thrice a day, and in all 10 ozs.
in 10 days, yet it improved in condition. Ten and a half ounces given in
6 days proved fatal. An old sow was killed by 2 drs., a 5 months pig by
80 grs., (Hertwig). Dogs were killed by 3 to 7 grs.
_Symptoms._ Vomiting, diarrhœa, ulcerative stomatitis, salivation,
vertigo, thirst, dullness, cold surface, colicy pains, trembling,
paralysis of the hind quarters, and early death.
_Lesions._ General inflammation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa,
sometimes ulceration especially if the agent has been taken in the solid
form. Congestions and infarctions of the lung are not unknown.
_Treatment._ Encourage vomiting by tickling the fauces, and by the
ingestion of tepid water. The best known antidote is tannic acid in any
one of its combinations. Solution of tannin, decoctions of oak bark, oak
galls, catechu, kino, rumex, sumac, or even strong tea will serve to
render it insoluble and non-irritant.
POISONING BY CORROSIVE SALTS OF MERCURY.
Calomel with muriatic acid, corrosive sublimate, mercuric chloride,
iodide, nitrate, cyanide. Fatal dose. Symptoms: anorexia, salivation,
thirst, emesis, colic, diarrhœa, rumbling, debility, tremors, stupor,
death. Lesions: corrosive whitening of gastro-intestinal mucosa,
congestion, ulceration, blackening, bloody, glairy ingesta. Treatment:
albumen, emesis, demulcents, chlorate of potash, bitters, iron
sulphate. Test: copper and muriatic acid.
Calomel in itself cannot be looked on as corrosive, but in ruminants in
which it is retained in the system for 3 or 4 days it is largely
resolved into mercuric chloride by the free gastric acid and alkaline
chlorides. It has therefore been largely excluded from the materia
medica of these animals. When in these or other animals it produces
corrosive action, the operation is essentially that of corrosive
sublimate.
The corrosive salts of mercury likely to be taken by animals are
corrosive sublimate now so largely used as an antiseptic, the nitrates
and iodides, and cyanides of mercury used as local applications or as
antiseptics.
=Mercuric chloride= may be taken as the type. It has proved fatal to the
horse in a dose of 2 drs.; to the ox in 1 to 2 drs.; to the dog in doses
of 4 to 6 grs.
_Symptoms._ Loss of appetite, salivation, thirst, emesis in vomiting
animals, colics, diarrhœa, often bloody, weak perhaps imperceptible
pulse, hurried breathing, much rumbling of the abdomen, debility,
trembling, stupor and death.
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