Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 2 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
_Lesions._ Escharotic whitening in patches of the mucosa of the mouth,
throat, gullet, stomach and intestines, with acute congestion,
ulceration and ecchymosis, and sometimes blackening by the formation of
the sulphide. The contents of the bowels may be serous or bloody and
more or less glairy. Like arsenic, mercuric chloride concentrates its
action on the intestinal canal by whatever channel it may have entered
the body.
_Treatment._ The mercury should be precipitated in an insoluble form and
then eliminated by emesis or by the stomach pump. White of eggs is
usually the most available agent producing the albuminate of mercury.
This is, however, still soluble in acid and alkaline liquids, in
chlorides of potassium, sodium or calcium and even in excess of albumen.
Vomiting may be favored by tickling the fauces, or by hypodermic
injection of apomorphia. This may be followed by boiled flaxseed or
copious drinks of rain water. When the mercury has been largely
eliminated the salivation may be controlled by chlorate of potash, and
the digestive disorder met by bitters and iron sulphate.
_Test for Mercury._ Place a few drops of the suspected solution on a
clean surface of copper; acidulate with muriatic acid; then touch the
copper through the liquid with a piece of zinc; a silver colored stain
will be formed easily dissipated by heat.
POISONING BY SULPHUR.
Fatal dose, horse 16 ozs. Symptoms: dullness, anorexia, colic,
diarrhœa, sulphur odor. Lesions: congestion, desquamation, ulceration
of gastro-intestinal mucosa, sulphur odor in flesh, blood nearly
fluid, blackens silver. Treatment: chloride of lime, oil, puncture
rumen or colon, stimulants.
In excessive doses this is irritant. The horse is poisoned by 16 ozs.
(Tabourin): violent colics follow a dose of 12 ozs. (Collaine). Cattle
are less susceptible.
_Symptoms._ Dullness, anorexia, colic, pulse small and quick, skin cold
and clammy. Fœtid flatus and profuse diarrhœa, are marked symptoms.
_Lesions._ Injection of the gastro-intestinal mucosa, shedding of the
epithelium, ulceration, and sometimes gangrene. Sulphur is found in the
ingesta and fæces and a sulphur odor is prominent, not only in the
bowels but also in the flesh. Tympany from H_{2}S is common. The blood
is mostly fluid, and ecchymosis is shown on heart, lungs and other
internal organs. The tissues blacken silver.
_Treatment._ Chloride of lime, oleaginous laxatives, use trochar and
canunla for tympany. In prostrate conditions give stimulants (alcohol,
ether).
POISONING BY BROMINE AND IODINE.
Poisoning by these agents is rare in domestic animals. Bromine 2 drs.
killed a dog in 5 hours: 10 to 12 drops in 1 oz. water intravenously
killed a dog suddenly, and 5 to 6 drs. of iodine by the mouth killed in
a few days (Orfila). A horse had colic from taking ½ oz. iodine
(Tabourin), others died from the effect of 2 drs. doses intravenously
(Patu).
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