_Hypertrophy_ of the prostate is felt as a swelling of uneven outline over the cervix vesicæ. It is to be looked for especially in old dogs. _Urethritis_ is indicated by swelling and tenderness along the median line of the pelvic floor, back of the cervix. With a _calculus_ in the urethra the swelling is more strictly localized and the canal in front of it may be full and elastic. HEMATURIA. Symptoms of different lesions of kidneys and constitutional states, of poisoning by irritant plants, common on moors and in woods. In puerperal cow fed on turnips raised on mucky, unreclaimed, sour lands. Bacteria. Toxins. Anæmia. Poor wintering. Limed new soils. _Symptoms_: in plethoric, congested mucosæ, vascular tension, hurried breathing, colics, straining, red urine; in vegetable irritants, depression, weakness, coldness, trembling, stiffness behind, scanty red or black urine, diarrhœa, constipation; in anæmia, poverty, debility, red urine, pink tinge in milk, emaciation, hidebound, anorexia, colics. Chronic or intermittent. Lesions: in plethoric, congested enlarged kidney, without softening; in irritant poisons, congestion also of throat, stomachs, intestines, liver with hæmorrhagic extravasations; in anæmia, kidneys pale, flaccid, hydroæmia, liver enlarged, softened, reddish liquids in serous cavities. Treatment: avoid the injurious soils, drain, cultivate, feed products of such soils with other food, oleaginous or saline laxatives, antiferments, tonics, astringents, flax seed, farinas. The passage of blood or blood elements in the urine. _Causes._ A symptom of a variety of diseases, producing lesions of the secreting structures of the kidneys; acute congestion, tumors, calculi, parasitism. Also as a manifestation of diseases of distant organs—hæmoglobinuria, southern cattle fever, anthrax, poisoning by irritant diuretics, wounds of the bladder, pelvic fracture with injury to bladder or urethra, cystitis with varicose cystic veins, etc. Among the irritant plants charged with producing the affection are the young shoots of oak, ash, privet, hornbeam, alder, hazel, dogberry, pine, fir, and coniferæ, generally. Also ranunculus, hellebore, colchicum, mercuriales annuus, asclepias vincetoxicum, broom, etc. The disease is common in spring in cattle turned out too early to get good pasturage and which, it is alleged, take to eating the swelling buds and young shoots of irritant plants. The disease has occurred mostly in woods and wild lands and has accordingly been vulgarly named the wood evil, (maladie de bois, holzkrankheit), and moor ill.