_Symptoms._ The sheep lags behind the flock, frequently lies down and rises, strains to urinate, and passes often considerable quantities. The back is arched, the loins tender, the walk stiff and straddling, the pulse small and weak. If the disease advances, there come on extreme muscular weakness, a disposition to lie, an uncertain, gait, with frequent stumbling, dullness, stupor, and it may be coma. The urine is usually tinged with blood or of a deep red or black, and contains well-formed blood globules and more or less albumen. _Prevention and treatment_ should proceed on the same lines as in the ox, but in dealing with a large herd it becomes difficult to treat each separate case with special care. The avoidance of sudden change of food as in turning out in spring, the feeding of grain before turning out, the return to the fold after a short freedom, and the gradual transition to the new food are important. When the disease has developed, an entire change of pasture or food, the use of roots, ensilage, or grain, or of freshly cut meadow grass, is indicated, and an oleaginous laxative (castor oil 2 to 3 ozs.) are indicated. Oilcake or flaxseed meal will often prove a most valuable article. Beyond this the same agents would be indicated as for the ox. ACUTE CONGESTION OF THE KIDNEYS IN SWINE. Causes: infection, toxins, fermented food, traumas, crowding, cold. Symptoms: stiff loins and quarters, frequent micturition, urine limpid or red. Treatment. Renal congestion in pigs has been seen mainly as the result of toxin poisoning in swine erysipelas, hog cholera or caseous pneumonia. It is also liable to occur from putrid or overfermented food, and in fat, heavy animals from injuries sustained in shipping by rail by trampling on or squeezing each other. Kicks and other injuries may at times contribute to its occurrence. Exposure to cold storms, to which swine are especially sensitive, a wet, cold bed, or a leaky roof, are additional causes. The _symptoms_ are more or less stiffness of the loins and hind parts, frequent urination, the secretion being often passed in excess, and though at times clear yet at others pink or bloody and precipitating blood clots or at least containing blood globules. _Treatment_ is mainly prophylactic. If therapeutic measures are desirable for valuable animals, they should follow the same lines as for sheep: rest, fomentations, aqueous food, anodynes, weak alkaline diuretics, laxatives, and balsams. CONGESTION OF THE KIDNEYS IN CARNIVORA.