Prevention of anthrax in animals is equally important for the sanitation of herds and human beings. It involves the purging from the anthrax bacillus of the infected lands and the drinking supplies, and in this respect the disease is much less amenable to thorough and speedy extinction than is a simple plague in which the germ does not live and multiply outside the animal body. In some localities the extinction of the germ may be confidently counted on and secured; in others, it may be impossible and other measures of protection must be resorted to. _Killing of the Sick and Disposal of the Carcass._ This is not always so imperative as in the obligatory parasitic infections, since the destruction of the sick, still leaves the germ present in the soil and water. If, however, the infection has just been introduced, on hitherto uninfected soil, by the arrival of new animals, and, if the new location is in any way favorable to permanent colonization by anthrax bacillus, and, if the diseased and suspected animals cannot be kept secluded so as to absolutely exclude these dangers, or again, if the diseased herd or its remnant is to be moved on to another locality, slaughter is the obvious sanitary measure. The animal should be killed on the premises to avoid the danger of scattering the infectious discharges in transit; it must not be bled, nor cut open, as the admission of air determines the formation of the resistant spore; and the carcass must be burned, boiled, or rendered in superheated steam under pressure, or finally dissolved in strong mineral acids. If buried, it must be in open, porous soil, well apart from any well, pond, river, or bank where the liquids may leach out, and the body must be wholly covered to a depth of at least five feet. The graves must be well fenced in from all stock, for a number of years, and no forage grown on them can be safely fed to animals, as the bacillus can be brought to the surface by earth worms. I have known cattle to become infected through licking the fluid which escaped above a stratum of clay, on the deep bank of a river, at some little distance from where an anthrax carcass was buried in the surface sandy loam. A covering of coal tar, chloride of lime or of sand charged with sulphuric acid is an admirable precaution. As a measure of economy the skins may be removed, if at once, on the spot, plunged for 12 hours in a 5 per cent. solution of carbolic acid, or cresyl, or creolin, or in a two per cent. solution of sulphuric acid, and, if the knives and other implements used are placed in boiling water for half an hour. The same will apply to fleeces.