_Geographical Distribution._ Glanders (Malis) appears to have prevailed in asses in Greece as noted by Aristotle. Its contagious prevalence in horses is recorded by Absyrtus in the time of Constantine, and again by Vegetius Renatus in 381 A.D. At the present time its existence is almost coextensive with the equine family, but its prevalence is in a direct ratio with the facilities for the infection of fresh subjects. In the central countries of Europe where the equine population is greatest and where there is the most extensive trade and movement among horses it secures the greatest relative number of victims. War with its constant opportunities for infection, in crowded cavalry and artillery stables and the successive changing of place, tends greatly to enhance its ravages. Thus in the German army it rose from 966 to 2058 per 100,000 per annum in the year of the Franco-German war; in Spain it was practically unknown until the Napoleonic war in the Peninsula, but after this it proved a veritable scourge; in Hindostan it was hardly known until the Sepoy rebellion yet its ravages greatly hampered the army movement in Afghanistan in 1879; and in the United States it became very prevalent in the armies during the Civil War of 1861–4, and was widely scattered over the whole country on the sale of the army horses and mules. Since that time, as before, it has been most prevalent in the car stables of the great cities, though it has also gained a wide extension in many great horsebreeding establishments in the Rocky Mountain region, where however it proves much less destructive than in the East. It is unknown in Australia, whence it is excluded by a rigid system of quarantine. _Susceptibility of Different Animals._ Horses, asses and mules are the most susceptible, and it is only exceptionally that the disease is contracted casually outside the class of solipeds. The Guinea pig and rabbit are susceptible to glanders in the order named and the former is especially available for experimental diagnostic inoculations. The goat, cat and dog sometimes contract the disease from living in stables with glandered horses, but infection is much more certain when they are inoculated. The pigeon is also susceptible. In the dog the disease is rarely fatal, but the ulcerations tend to heal in 14 days and recovery ensues. In sheep and goats too, many cases recover though in other cases an internal infection takes place followed by death. Swine are comparatively insusceptible, but they may be successfully inoculated when in ill health and low condition. (Spinola, Cadeac and Malet). Cattle and chickens have uniformly proved refractory even on inoculation. White and house mice and rats, have proved immune, also linnets and chaffinches and the frog at ordinary temperature. If however the frog is placed in water at 30° C., he may be successfully inoculated and, though it does not prove fatal, the bacillus may be found in the blood and tissues after a lapse of 50 days.