In this Museum were observed the following objects in which this fiber was used in whole or in combination with other fiber: a Sauk and Fox bag (50-4886); a Delaware drum string (50.1-1609); a Delaware burden strap (50-7244); a Matchapunga fish net (50.1-9911); and a cord used, for wrapping on a spear (50.1-7475), Micmac. In the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, is a Kickapoo ball of string (2-5294) made of this fiber. In an Iroquois wampum belt (M1913) in the Archaeological Museum of McGill University, the beads are strung on cords made from this fiber. An Iroquois burden strap (AE 360) in the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences is composed of this fiber. Fiber of this species was also used by the prehistoric cave and rock-shelter people of Ohio as is shown by a fish net (OSHAM 332-23) in the Ohio State Historical and Archaeological Museum. BETULACEAE, Agardh. (Birch Family) The paper birch (_Betula papyrifera_, Marsh.) was encountered in one specimen (AMNH 50.2-1792). The bark was untreated, simply twisted into a cord. In a specimen of Iroquois horsehair embroidery (McGU H49) the bark had received no preliminary treatment, but was used in the raw state. CANNABINACEAE, Lindl. (Hop Family) This introduced plant, hemp (_Cannabis sativa_, L.), was found in four specimens, evidently made in post-Columbian times as the plant is not indigenous to the Western Hemisphere, but was introduced by the colonists at a very early date. It was found in a bag (MPM 28116) made by the Wisconsin Potawatomi Indians. A bowstring on an Algonkin bow (AMNH 50.2-4221A) is made from this fiber as are also portions of an Oneida burden strap (AMNH 50.1-1800). DAPHNACEAE (Mezereon Family) This moose or leatherwood fiber (_Dirca palustris_, L.) was encountered eleven times in as widely separated states as Arkansas and Wisconsin. It was used both in the raw state, as strips twisted into cord, and as treated fiber in finer cords and threads. A prehistoric mat made by the inhabitants of Bushwick Cave, Arkansas, is composed of this material (MAIHF 19-4635). Cloth of the Adena culture made, in part, from this bast fiber (1200) is in the Ohio State Historical and Archaeological Museum. In the Milwaukee Public Museum is a Wisconsin Potawatomi bag (23447) in which the weft is nicely prepared fiber from this plant. In the collections of this Museum is a Winnebago bag (50-784D) woven with two kinds of cord; light colored cord of _Dirca palustris_ and dark colored cord of _Tilia americana_. JUGLANDACEAE, Lindl. (Walnut Family)