THE ACCOMPLISHMENT RATIO A Treatment of the Inherited Determinants of Disparity in School Product _By_ RAYMOND FRANZEN A.B. (Harvard), M.A. (Columbia) Ph.D. (Columbia) Teachers College, Columbia University Contributions to Education, No. 125 Published by Teachers College, Columbia University New York City 1922 _Copyright, 1922, by RAYMOND FRANZEN_ PREFACE The results of the experiment reported here have become so much a portion of my process of reasoning that duplication of material presented elsewhere is unavoidable. I wish in particular to recognize my indebtedness to the TEACHERS COLLEGE RECORD for permission to reprint here revised portions of an article which appeared in the November, 1920, number of that journal. I will warn here any reader to whom the intricacies of a full statistical account are irksome that the logic and conclusions presented in this study are incorporated in a more palatable and abbreviated form in Chapter IV of _Intelligence Tests and School Reorganization_ (World Book Company). The work presented here has been made possible by the cooperation and interest of the two principals of the Garden City public school during the period of my work there, Miss Gladys Locke and Mrs. Edna Maule. I also owe any success that this experiment may have had to the teachers who did the real work of “pushing” abilities to their limit. My indebtedness to Gladys Locke Franzen for help in expression and correction is surpassed only by what I credit to her encouragement and cooperation at its inception. During the period in which this experiment was planned and executed it grew into a real problem through the advice of two of my teachers to whom I owe all such inspiration and knowledge as I possess—Edward L. Thorndike and Truman L. Kelley. RAYMOND H. FRANZEN _Des Moines, Iowa, 1922._ CONTENTS I. AN OUTLINE OF THE EXPERIMENT 1 The Use of Quotients and Ratios The Derivation of Age Norms A Method of Survey of Reading, Language and Arithmetic II. STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF THE EXPERIMENT 17 The Quotients The Ratios Summary III. THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCLUSIONS OF THE EXPERIMENT 43 The Neglect of Genius Is Genius Specialized? Current Psychological Opinion Conclusions PART I[1] AN OUTLINE OF THE EXPERIMENT THE USE OF QUOTIENTS AND RATIOS