A point against the Wright machine--which was criticised by experts in
spite of its success--was the fact that it could ascend only from its
starting-rail. This, it was said, made it less practicable than the
machines of the French builders--which were, as explained, constructed
so that they would run on wheels. Point was lent to this criticism on
31st October 1908, by a feat of M. Bleriot. Using a new monoplane--the
eighth he had built--he said he would fly from Toury to Arteney and
back, a distance of about 19 miles, alighting when he reached Arteney
and then ascending again. This programme he carried out. Eleven minutes
after leaving Toury he reached Arteney, and then had to descend rather
hurriedly owing to a defect in his magneto. This took an hour and a half
to repair; then the airman set off on his return flight to Toury. But he
had flown only 3 miles when his magneto again gave trouble, and he had
to glide to the ground, alighting safely upon an open stretch of land.
After a few minutes delay he rose again, and this time reached his
starting-point without mishap. Such a cross-country journey as this,
with two halts, would not have been practicable with the Wright machine;
that is to say, had it descended in a field owing to engine trouble, and
at some distance from its starting-point, it would have been necessary
either to take it back by road to its launching apparatus or bring this
gear to the field in which it lay. The starting system of the Wrights,
although excellent in its way, and making for efficiency and low
engine-power, had the drawback of limiting the use of the machine to an
aerodrome; or, should the pilot attempt a cross-country flight, he knew
he must return to his starting-point without alighting, or run the risk
of being stranded at some distant point, and having to dismantle his
machine. It is not surprising, therefore, that the launching rail fell
into disfavour. No one used it except the Wrights, and in later models
of their machine even they abandoned the system, and fitted craft with
running wheels and more powerful motors.
Wilbur Wright, although he made no effort to compete with Farman or
Bleriot in cross-country flying, achieved remarkable flights in the last
month of 1908. Two prizes were on offer--one for the longest flight of
the year, the other for the greatest height attained. Making an attempt
to win the former on 18th December, he flew for 99 kilometres (61 miles)
round a triangular course, his time in the air being 1 hour 53 minutes
59 seconds. This feat dwarfed all those of his rivals; and, in another
flight on the same day, he showed still further the superiority of his
machine. Ascending in an attempt for the height prize, he reached an
altitude of 377 feet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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