The agricultural and forest products of British West AfricaDudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
History
The agricultural and forest products of British West Africa
Dudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
Agriculture -- Africa, West; Forest products -- Africa, West
=GUMS.=—Two species of _Acacia_ (_A. arabica_ and _A. Sieberiana_)
are found, especially in the uninhabited tracts in the centre of
the country, and the last named appears to yield a large flow of
gum, which, however, is not collected. Examination of this at the
Imperial Institute has shown it to be about equal in quality to
inferior Sudan grades; _A. arabica_ does not seem to yield gum with
such frequency in this locality as elsewhere. _Burkea africana_
and _Pseudocedrela Kotschyi_ produce a quality of gum comparable
with “Talh” from the Sudan. (Cf. _Selected Reports from the
Imperial Institute_, Pt. II., Gums and Resins, pp. 153, 165-7.)
=WOOD OIL.=—By cutting deeply into the base of a tree known as
“Neou” (Dagomba), and “Kawa” (Haussa), a rather copious flow
of resinous liquid is induced, which, when solidified, is a resin
somewhat similar, but inferior, to copal. The tree from which this
is procured is botanically known as _Daniellia thurifera_, Oliv.,
and the so-called “oil” obtained was at one time shipped from
Northern Nigeria under the name of African Balsam of Copaiba. It
is used in the Northern Territories for lighting purposes,
as well as medicinally. The tree yields a handsomely grained
timber. (Cf. _Bull. Imp. Inst._, 1915.)
=SHEA BUTTER.=—A tree known botanically as _Butyrospermum Parkii_
bears a fruit, from the kernel of which this valuable vegetable
fat is procured. The fat forms the cooking oil of the ultra-forest
country, taking the place of palm oil in this respect. The mode of
preparation in the Northern Territories is, doubtless, similar to
that employed in Northern Nigeria. The prepared butter is one of
the products carried by the Haussa traders, who visit Ashanti for
the purpose of purchasing kola, and is much appreciated in Kumassi,
where it obtains a high price. A small quantity is carried down
the Volta river by the canoes which bring salt from Adda to Yeji
and Daboya. An analysis made at the Imperial Institute of Shea
butter from the Northern Territories showed that the material is in
no way inferior to the better-known “Shea butter” of Northern
Nigeria. Cf. _Bulletin of the Imperial Institute_, vol. vi. (1908),
p. 370.
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