Control is very difficult but may be secured by digging a deep trench around the affected area and preventing the infection from passing beyond through the roots. The spread of the disease may sometimes be held in check by grubbing out a row or two of healthy trees outside the affected area and taking care that all of the large roots are removed to a depth of several feet. Carbon bisulphide has been suggested for killing the fungus, but the cost is prohibitive except in small spots just starting. There are no resistant stocks known at present upon which the almond can be worked. The fig, pear or black walnut might safely replace the almond in such spots. _Shot-hole Fungus._—There are three different fungi that produce the shot-hole effect on the leaves of the almond, thus giving rise to the name. (1) _Coryneum beyerinikii_, or peach blight, is the most common form. It is not as serious on the wood of the almond as it is on the peach, but in seasons of damp spring weather it does much damage to the blossoms, fruits and leaves. Affected blossoms are killed outright, the entire blossoms turning brown and dropping much as if killed by frost. The young fruit becomes spotted by the fungus and this causes malformation, gumming and shriveling of the nuts, varying considerably with the severity of the attack. On the leaves many small dead spots appear, the dead tissue soon falling out and giving the shot-hole effect. Where the twigs are affected, small dead spots appear during the winter, most often at the buds. This causes the death of the buds and often the ends of the twigs. During the spring, after growth starts, considerable gumming occurs from these spots. Effective control can only be secured by two sprays—Bordeaux mixture in the fall, as soon as the tree becomes dormant, and either Bordeaux or lime-sulphur solution (winter strength) just before the buds open in the spring. Both fall and spring sprays must be thoroughly applied to be effective. (2) _Cercospora circumscissa_ is another fungus causing much the same effect as the Coryneum. It is difficult for an untrained person to distinguish between them. The same sprays used for Coryneum are effective in controlling this, though if this form alone is present the Bordeaux mixture or lime-sulphur spray in the spring should be sufficient. (3) _Gloeosporium amygdalinum_, while apparently uncommon in this state, has been found to exist in some places. Further work must be done on this to determine its behavior and the most satisfactory methods of control, but it is believed that the control measures mentioned for the other forms of “shot-hole” will also be applicable to this.