No sooner was the temple finished than the scheme for the unifying
of churches, which the Emperor had himself conceived, and intended
to promote with the full strength of imperial command, was put into
operation. As we have said, Antonine had no more idea of making Elagabal
a mere rival to the Roman Deities than Constantine had of putting
Christ into that unenviable position. He intended that the Lord should
swallow up all other Deities, should make captive all the gods of old
Rome. To do this it was necessary, first, to impress the world with the
splendour, the beauty, the power, and the magnificence of that being who
had so miraculously delivered the family of Bassianus from Phoenician
obscurity, and brought them into the fierce light of the Roman noonday;
secondly, he had to make some alliance with the head and centre of the
old Roman worship of Vesta, the one religion which symbolised Rome, its
perpetuity, and its undying fame; thirdly, he had to acquire all the
objects of sacred devotion, and transfer them to Elagabal’s temple, as
well to attract worshippers as to stimulate devotion.
For the accomplishment of the first of these objects he ordained the
most magnificent worship that had as yet been devised. He, as High
Priest, used to descend daily from the palace in order to sacrifice vast
quantities of oxen and sheep upon innumerable altars laden with spices
and odours. The libations were more ample and more costly than any that
had yet been heard of. Herodian further tells us how the rare and costly
wines mingling with the blood of the victims made great streams in every
direction; but even this waste was insufficient: with Davidic persistency
the Emperor danced, encircling the altars, followed by the Syrians, men
and women, who formed his court, while the display and waste of energy
was accompanied by the clashing of cymbals and other instruments of
music which had been brought from the God’s home in the East. At these
orgies the Senate sat in a great semicircle, and were, fortunately, mere
spectators of the show. It was the generals of armies, the governors of
provinces, and court officials of all sorts who were less fortunate.
These worthies Antonine habited in a replica of his own trailing
garments, and ordered to perform menial offices about the altars of God,
a proceeding which caused them to gnash with their teeth and run about
the city declaring very plainly (to one another, of course) that they
infinitely preferred the tents of ungodliness to all and sundry offices
of divine religion, especially in its Semitic forms. From the very outset
Elagabal was unpopular with the upper classes. They had cause to dislike
this insensate show. With the populace it was probably different, at
least for a time. One can imagine their joy at beholding, tier upon tier,
the Conscript Fathers assembled each morning as most unwilling spectators
of a show which they abominated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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