As we have already pointed out, other Eastern cults were making
considerable headway in Rome amongst all classes, and had attracted not
a few of that august body. We have mentioned the worship of the Sun God
Mithra, which, with other similar religions, had constantly increased in
importance since the year 204 B.C., the date of its introduction into the
city.
Now the Eastern cults were popular because they supplied a felt want,
namely, a personal spiritual religion, whereas the religion of Rome,
though fine, virile and strong, was purely political. The God of Rome was
Rome, and concerned itself solely with patriotism. With the individual,
with his happiness or aspirations, it concerned itself not at all. It
was the prosperity of the Empire, its peace and immortality, for which
sacrifices were made and libations offered. The antique virtues, courage
in war, moderation in peace, and honour at all times, were civic, not
personal. It was the state that had a soul, not the individual. Man was
ephemeral, it was the nation that endured.[57] Naturally, this was
unsatisfying to the uneducated; their Rome was the abridgment of every
superstition, their Pantheon an abattoir of the Gods who presided over
death and whose worship was gore.
Added to this had come the worship of Isis, the secrets of Mithra, of
which the chief note was one of mysticism. There was something terrifying
and yet alluring about the abluent functions, the initiations, the
secrets that it was death to divulge. Now, the rites that Antonine
introduced were entirely blatant, Semitic, Syrian. They contained,
as far as we can judge, nothing specially mysterious, either in the
way of initiation or progression, little which could even attract the
curiosity of the devout. All that Elagabal could appeal to was the public
curiosity; his worship was, in fact, designed to appeal to such and
nothing more, _at the outset_; even with such an end in view it might
have become popular had it not been that Antonine made this all-embracing
deity too easy of access, in consequence of which he became too cheap.
The Emperor seems to have recognised this early, and to have evolved a
scheme for uniting the already popular mysteries of all other Gods with
his own; to which resolve we may attribute the stories of his initiation
into the priesthood of Cybele and the rest; he thought that it would
enhance his God’s attractiveness and assure his popularity in the eyes of
the mob.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account