What about China? Here there are vague resemblances between the
buildings of the two peoples; but at most they are those features in
which one might trace a similarity between the productions of any two
building races. As in Japan, ritual and customs are all distinct from
those found among the Mayans. Those who would have us believe that
Central American civilisation was of Chinese origin have been much
influenced by that fable promulgated by the Chinese historian Li Yen,
who lived in the seventh century. He states the existence of a country
which he calls the "Land of the Fusang," and which he declared lay
40,000 li eastward of China. Li Yen had the tale from a Buddhist priest
Hwui Shan; but the curious point is that the latter described himself as
a priest coming from the "Land of the Fusang," and says nothing as to
how he got there, or how he became a Buddhist in this unknown country.
In an article in vol. lv. of _New Annals of Voyages_ entitled
"Researches regarding the Country of the Fusang," H. J. von Klaproth
points out that this could not have been Mexico because of the horses
and carts mentioned, and these were of course unknown in Mexico in
pre-Conquest times. He says Japan was the place, and this he supports by
showing that it was early called Fusang (beautiful). The distance as
given by Li Yen is, according to Klaproth, no difficulty, as the "li"
was a very variable measure, quite apart from the fact that the priest
would have no accurate means of measuring. His 40,000 li may be on a par
with the mulberry trees thousands of feet high and the silkworms 7 feet
long which form part of his fairy tale, as Professor E. Morse points out
in his pamphlet _Was Middle America peopled from Asia?_
In a problem like this small proofs are often most valuable, and if all
else were lacking, the absence in Central America of the glazed
roofing-tile so common in China from 2000 B.C. is very significant
seeing that pottery-glazing had been brought to a high point of
perfection there. Again, in China the potter's wheel and the plough were
in common use from the earliest times, but there is no trace of either
in Central America. Indeed, no one has been able to produce a piece of
real evidence for the theory that the Chinese endowed the Mayans with
their art of building.
But if in Egypt, Japan, and China we have not been even "warm" as
children's forfeit-games have it, when we turn to India and the Malay
Peninsula we are growing distinctly "burning." In such a problem the
evidence most valuable is perhaps afforded by the opinions of those who
have not worked in the special field of archæology, and are thus
untrammelled by theories. Let us start with one or two such opinions,
and then we will pass from this general to the particular evidence which
to our minds proves that America obtained her architecture from this
part of Asia.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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