XVI. THE LEASING SYSTEM; CHOCKTAW AND CHICKASAW; FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS 164 XVII. RED CLOUD. THE GREATEST INDIAN OF MODERN TIMES 173 XVIII. RED CLOUD’S LATER YEARS 181 XIX. SITTING BULL—THE IRRECONCILABLE 190 XX. EDUCATION 200 XXI. WHY SOME INDIANS OBJECT TO SENDING CHILDREN TO SCHOOL, AND FURTHER COMMENTS ON EDUCATION 211 XXII. THE APACHE, PAPAGO AND PUEBLO. THE DESERT INDIAN 219 XXIII. THE CAREER OF GERONIMO 233 XXIV. THE NAVAHO 241 XXV. INDIANS OF THE NORTHWEST 253 XXVI. HEALTH OF THE INDIANS 1880 TO 1912 265 XXVII. THE INDIAN’S RELIGION; HIS CHARACTER; PHILANTHROPIC ORGANIZATIONS 279 XXVIII. IRRIGATION PROJECTS 291 XXIX. THE BUFFALO 299 XXX. THE PLAINS INDIANS FIFTY YEARS AGO AND TODAY 311 XXXI. THE INDIANS OF CALIFORNIA 325 XXXII. A STATISTICAL TABLE. PREPARED BY MEN AND WOMEN IN THE FIELD 341 XXXIII. FARMING AND STOCK-RAISING. INDIAN FAIRS 359 XXXIV. FOUR IMPORTANT BOOKS 367 XXXV. OFFICIAL VIEWS OF INDIAN CONDITIONS 378 XXXVI. RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FROM FIELD WORKERS 387 XXXVII. THE COMMUNISTIC LIFE. INDIAN MEN AND WOMEN OF PROMINENCE. MORALITY 399 XXXVIII. TWO STORIES. UNWISE PURCHASES 407 XXXIX. GENERAL COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS 417 XL. CONCLUSIONS 423 INDEX 435 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Page Frontispiece. Red Cloud (Makh-piya-luta). War Chief of all the Sioux Arthur C. Parker. Iroquois. State Archaeologist of New York 19 Indian Home, Onondaga Reservation, New York 21 Map showing Country, 1879 Opp. 24 Modern Indian Home 30 Government Sawmill, Ft. Belknap Reservation, Montana 34 Map showing Country, 1913 Opp. 34 U. S. Indian School, Chilocco, Oklahoma 37