5th. In the Fall of 1874, a lady called to have a tooth extracted. She appeared to be in good health; said she was almost distracted with toothache; was afraid to take chloroform; was afraid as of death without it. I said the pain would be only momentary, and would not kill her. I extracted the tooth, and she fainted. My usual remedy in such cases was hartshorn and cold water. Through mistake, I took up a vial of the Essence of Gaultheria, poured a little on a handkerchief, held it to her nose, and was surprised to see how quickly she recovered consciousness. This prompted me to experiment with it. I concluded that if it was a good restorative, it might be a useful preventative. I soon had a chance to test it. A lady called to have an ulcerated tooth extracted. She was in delicate health: face swollen, hands cold. She said she would like to take chloroform, but her physician said she must not take it; she knew she would faint without it. I told her I thought that could be prevented. I took a doily, folded it small, and poured about a teaspoonful of the essence on it. I told her to inhale through her nose, and exhale through her mouth. She continued this until her brain was pretty well stimulated, and the tooth extracted. She showed no signs of syncopy, and could hold a glass of water as still as I could. I have not had any one to faint away in my office since. In the Spring of 1874, a lady, aged about sixty, came to consult me. She said that her teeth were so bad she could not eat any ordinary food; had disease of the lungs; was forbidden to take chloroform. After an examination, I told her she had eight teeth in the upper jaw that could not possibly be made useful, and she had better have them extracted. She said she had never had one extracted without fainting dead away. She could not think of having more than one out at a time. Her temperament, nervous sanguine, emaciated hands cold, pulse very feeble. I told her if she would follow my directions I would take them all out and she would not mind it more than one, and guaranteed she could not faint if she tried. I explained the effect of the wintergreen, and said it would do no more harm than a glass of good wine. I administered the article, as before described, until her face flushed, tears ran down her cheeks, then extracted the eighth teeth without her closing her mouth. She asked if they were all out, and I said yes. She said, "Is it possible?" I gave her a glass of water. It did not show the least tremor of the nerves. She left, giving me many thanks, saying that she felt much better than when she came into the office. I could relate many more similar cases, but do not deem it necessary. My object is to show what may sometimes be done to advantage in cases of syncopy, and also the means of preventing it while performing a painful operation.