The American Printer: A Manual of Typography: Containing practical directions for managing all departments of a printing office, as well as complete instructions for apprentices; with several useful tables, numerous schemes for imposing forms in every variety, hints to authors, etc.MacKellar, Thomas
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The American Printer: A Manual of Typography: Containing practical directions for managing all departments of a printing office, as well as complete instructions for apprentices; with several useful tables, numerous schemes for imposing forms in every variety, hints to authors, etc.
MacKellar, Thomas
Graphic design (Typography); Printing -- United States -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.; Printing industry -- United States
Of course the Saxon forms the basis of our language in its essential
parts, and is the source whence we derive the greater part of our
ordinary and most emphatic words. Nevertheless, various other languages
have been put under contribution, especially the French, Latin, and
Greek. This will be evident from the following statement of derivations,
which will show the unlearned reader how important it is to him that he
should acquire some knowledge of those languages, if he desires to attain
to a thorough proficiency in his business as an educated printer.
I. From the Greek are derived—
1. Words ending in _gram_, _graph_, and _graphy_; as, _telegram_,
_telegraph_, _geography_, &c.; from the word γράφω, (_grapho_,) I write,
and some other Greek word.
2. Those in _gon_; from γωνια, (_gonia_,) an angle; as, _octagon_.
3. All words in _logue_ or _logy_; as, _epilogue_, _astrology_; from
λόγος, (_logos_,) a discourse.
4. _Ic_, _ick_, _ics_ are also Greek terminations, generally of
adjectives.
5. Words in _meter_ are all of Greek origin, coming from the verb μετρῶ,
(_metro_,) I measure, in combination with some other word.
6. Most words into which the terminations _agogue_, _asis_, _esis_, or
_ysis_ enter are also of Greek origin; such as _demagogue_, _emphasis_,
_parenthesis_, _analysis_, &c.
II. But the main source whence we have derived words, with the exception
of the Saxon, is the Latin, as will appear from an inspection of the
following list:—
1. Words ending in _ance_, _ancy_, or _ant_, and _ence_, _ency_, or
_ent_, come from Latin words ending respectively in _ans_, _antia_, or
_ens_, _entia_; as, _abundance_, from _abundantia_; _infancy_, from
_infantia_; _abundant_, from _abundans_; _absence_, from _absentia_;
_excellency_, from _excellentia_; and _excellent_, from _excellens_.
2. Words in _al_ have their Latin representatives in _alis_; as,
_corporal_, from _corporalis_.
3. Verbs in _ate_ mostly come from Latin verbs of the first conjugation;
as, _moderate_, from _modero_.
4. Words in _ator_ are generally the same in both languages; as,
_orator_, _senator_, _moderator_.
5. The termination _id_ comes mostly from Latin words ending in _idus_;
as, _acid_, from _acidus_; but sometimes words of this ending are of
Greek origin; as, _oxide_, (more correctly, _oxyd_,) from ὀξὺς, (_oxys_;)
and, indeed, most scientific words of this ending; as, _carotid_, from
καρώτιδες, &c.; _rhomboid_, from ῥομβοειδής.
6. _Il_ or _ile_ is likewise from the Latin termination of adjectives in
_ilis_; as, _docile_, from _docilis_; _civil_, from _civilis_.
7. The Latin termination _osus_ has its English representative in _ious_
or _ous_; as, _copious_, from _copiosus_; _numerous_, from _numerosus_.
But sometimes the English ending _ous_ comes from a Latin word in _ax_;
as, _capacious_, from _capax_.
8. The Latin ending _io_ has its English corresponding word in _ion_; as,
_nation_, from _natio_; _oration_, from _oratio_.
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