9. The endings _ne_, _re_, and _te_ after a vowel are also for the greater part of Latin origin; as, _fortune_, from _fortuna_; _aquiline_, from _aquilinus_; _culture_, from _cultura_; _pure_, from _purus_; _complete_, from _completus_, &c. 10. Words in _ty_ come from Latin words in _tas_; as, _equality_, from _æqualitas_; _bounty_, from _bonitas_; _rarity_, from _raritas_, &c. 11. The termination _ude_ is also of Latin origin, coming from words in _udo_; as, _fortitude_, from _fortitudo_; _elude_, from _eludo_. 12. So also is _uous_, by inserting the letter _o_; as, _ambiguous_, from _ambiguus_; _continuous_, from _continuus_, &c. III. From the French have come— 1. Most of our words in _age_; as, _page_, _rage_, _usage_. 2. All those in _eau_; as, _beau_, _flambeau_, &c. 3. The French _esse_ is represented by the English _ess_: as, _princess_, from _princesse_. 4. Words in _que_ mostly come to us from the French directly; some from the Latin directly or indirectly; as, _antique_, (L. _antiquus_, F. _antique_,) _oblique_, _opaque_. 5. Words ending in _ment_ are nearly the same in both languages; as, _commencement_, _advancement_, (F. _avancement_,) &c. * * * * * We subjoin some rules for spelling, adapted from Laidlaw’s _American Pronouncing Dictionary_.[26] RULE I. Words ending in silent _e_ after _u_ or a consonant generally drop the _e_ on taking an additional termination beginning with a vowel; as, sale, _salable_; plague, _plaguy_; sue, _suing_; eye, _eying_. EXCEPTION I.—Words ending in _ce_ and _ge_ retain _e_ before _able_ and _ous_; as, service, _serviceable_; trace, _traceable_; courage, _courageous_; advantage, _advantageous_. EXCEPTION II.—Compounds and prefixes retain _e_; as, _firearms_, _foreordain_, _pole-axe_, _vice-admiral_, _fire-engine_. _Remark._—From singe, springe, swinge, tinge, we write _singeing_, _springeing_, _swingeing_, _tingeing_, to distinguish from _singing_, _springing_, _swinging_, and _tinging_. _Dyeing_, from dye, retains _e_, to distinguish it from _dying_, the present participle of die. Mile retains _e_ in _mileage_. Derivatives from proper names of persons retain _e_; as, _daguerreotype_, _morseograph_. RULE II. Words ending in silent _e_ generally retain the _e_ on taking an additional termination beginning with a consonant; as, bereave, _bereavement_; issue, _issueless_. _Remark._—_Awful_, _awfully_, _awfulness_, _argument_, _argumentation_, _argumentative_, _woful_, _wofully_, _wofulness_, _duly_, _truly_, and _wholly_, are undisputed exceptions; and _abridgment_, _acknowledgment_, _judgment_, _misjudgment_, _prejudgment_, _lodgment_, _wobegone_, and _rhymster_, are disputed exceptions. Some write _abridgement_, _acknowledgement_, _judgement_, _misjudgement_, _prejudgement_, _lodgement_, _woebegone_, and _rhymester_. RULE III.