It is highly doubtful if these color variants are actually distinct species. Goin (1950 and 1954) in his studies of inheritance of color pattern in West Indian species of the genus _Eleutherodactylus_ has shown that similar color pattern variants come from the same clutch of eggs; furthermore, Goin has worked out the genetic ratios of certain of these variants. Heathwole (_in litt._) obtained "normal" specimens and individuals having a broad middorsal stripe ("C" in figure 9) from a clutch of eggs of _Eleutherodactylus gollmeri_. The presence of a broad middorsal yellow stripe is common in _Eleutherodactylus rugulosus_. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of variability in color pattern in Mexican eleutherodactylids is the parallelism between members of the _Eleutherodactylus rhodopis_-group and some members of _Microbatrachylus_. In the former group there are white-lipped individuals (_Eleutherodactylus beatae_ Boulenger), individuals having a unicolor reddish or yellowish dorsum (_E. dorsoconcolor_ Taylor), and individuals having a dorsal pattern of irregular longitudinal brown and cream-colored streaks (_E. venustus_ Günther). In the humid forests of southern Veracruz, northern Oaxaca, and Chiapas members of both groups occur sympatrically. A proper understanding of the evolutionary significance of these variants in the two groups, as well as proper allocation of the presently recognized species, must await experimental evidence based on studies of the inheritance of color pattern. Nevertheless, at present it is apparent that certain characters, especially the nature of the dermal folds and pustules, and the color pattern, are of little taxonomic value in distinguishing "species" of _Microbatrachylus_. The data derived from a study of the large series from Arteaga, together with that from the other series examined, suggests that _Microbatrachylus albolabris_, _imitator_, _minimus_, and _pygmaeus_ are morphotypes of one species. Of these names, _pygmaeus_ is the oldest. Consequently _Microbatrachylus pygmaeus_ has been used here for the series from Arteaga. Although _Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi_, a species distinguished from all of the above by the presence of tubercles on the outer edge of the tarsus, is known from Michoacán northward into Nayarit, _Microbatrachylus pygmaeus_ previously has not been known north of Guerrero, where it occurs in habitats similar to that in which it was collected at Arteaga. ~Eleutherodactylus augusti cactorum~ Taylor _Eleutherodactylus cactorum_ Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 25:391, July 10, 1939.--20 miles northwest of Tehuacán, Puebla, México. _Eleutherodactylus augusti cactorum_, Zweifel, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 1813:20, December 23, 1956. Cherán; Coalcomán; Uruapan.