[52] This Glaucias subsequently afforded asylum to the celebrated Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, when an infant of two years of age. He took the child into his own family and brought him up with his own children. He not only refused to surrender Pyrrhus to Cassander, but marched into Epirus and placed the boy, when twelve years of age, upon the throne, leaving him under the care of guardians, B.C. 307. [53] The Taulantians were a people of Illyria in the neighbourhood of Epidamnus, now called Durazzo. [54] These were an Illyrian people in the Dalmatian mountains. [55] Cyna was the daughter of Philip, by Audata, an Illyrian woman. See _Athenæus_, p. 557 D. She was given in marriage to her cousin Amyntas, who had a preferable claim to the Macedonian throne as the son of Philip’s elder brother, Perdiccas. This Amyntas was put to death by Alexander soon after his accession. Cyna was put to death by Alcetas, at the order of Perdiccas, the regent after Alexander’s death. See _Diodorus_, xix. 52. [56] The capital of Macedonia. On its site stands the modern village of Neokhori, or Yenikiuy. Philip and Alexander were born here. [57] A tributary of the Axius, called Agrianus by Herodotus. It is now called Tscherna. [58] This city was situated south of lake Lychnitis, on the west side of the chain of Scardus and Pindus. The locality is described in _Livy_, xxxi. 39, 40. [59] Now called Devol. [60] The use of καίτοι with a participle instead of the Attic καίπερ is frequent in Arrian and the later writers. [61] The Hypaspists—shield-bearers, or guards—were a body of infantry organized by Philip, originally few in number, and employed as personal defenders of the king, but afterwards enlarged into several distinct brigades. They were hoplites intended for close combat, but more lightly armed and more fit for rapid evolutions than the phalanx. Like the Greeks, they fought with the one-handed pike and shield. They occupied an intermediate position between the heavy infantry of the phalanx, and the peltasts and other light troops. See Grote’s _Greece_, vol. xi. ch. 92. [62] The heavy cavalry, wholly or chiefly composed of Macedonians by birth, was known by the honourable name of ἑταίροι, Companions, or Brothers in Arms. It was divided, as it seems, into 15 ἴλαι, which were named after the States or districts from which they came. Their strength varied from 150 to 250 men. A separate one, the 16th Ilē formed the so-called _agema_, or royal horse-guard, at the head of which Alexander himself generally charged. See _Arrian_, iii. 11, 13, 18. [63] In addition to his other military improvements, Philip had organized an effective siege-train with projectile and battering engines superior to anything of the kind existing before. This artillery was at once made use of by Alexander in this campaign against the Illyrians.