If we admit, as it seems natural to do, that some sentences, taken in
their usual meaning, correspond to facts, while others do not, we must
suppose that the structure of sentences is related, in some way, to
the structure of facts, since otherwise such correspondence would be
impossible. Moreover, a sentence is a physical fact, and may therefore
be expected to be capable of correspondence with other physical facts.
These[Pg 240] two arguments come from quite different intellectual regions,
the one being logical, the other physical. If we were discussing
anything other than physics, they would work in opposite directions,
and tend to show that we cannot understand (at least verbally)
anything having a structure radically different from that of events in
space-time. For our purposes, however, the two arguments are concurrent.
Let us, for a moment, consider a sentence as a physical occurrence.
We must distinguish between spoken and written sentences, since the
former are evanescent events while the latter are pieces of matter. We
must also distinguish between a sentence in the sense in which it is
unique on each occasion when it is uttered or written, and a sentence
in the sense in which the same sentence occurs at a given place in
each copy of the same book. E.g. Jeremiah xvii. 9 is a sentence
in the latter sense; in the former sense, the particular series of
shapes at that point in my Bible constitute a sentence, while those in
yours constitute another (similar) sentence. The former sense comes
first when we are considering a sentence as a physical occurrence; the
latter, when we are considering it as having "meaning."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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