The argument advanced by those who lay stress upon the perceived
character of perceptual continuity is, however, not as to the nature
of the physical stimulus, but as to the nature of the percept. The
continuity of the percept, they maintain, is quite obviously not that
of the mathematical continuing nor yet the deceptive appearance of
continuity which would exist if the percept were a rapid staccato
process. In saying this, they seem to me to go beyond what the evidence
warrants. Consider a case which is analogous in some respects, but not
in others—namely, the case of slightly different shades of colour.
Suppose we have a series of colours, A, , , , ...
such that each is sensibly indistinguishable from its neighbour, but
not from the rest. That is to say, we can see no difference between
and or between and , but we can see a difference
between and . We are then compelled to infer a difference
between and and between and , although we cannot
perceive any difference. There is no theoretical difficulty in such an
inference, for, although and and [Pg 281] are percepts, and
the difference between and is a percept, there is no reason
why the differences between and and between and
should be percepts: the relations between percepts are sometimes
percepts and sometimes not. Now, instead of different static shades
of colour, let us suppose that we are watching a chameleon gradually
changing. We may be quite unable to "see" a process of change, and yet
able to know that, after a time, a change has taken place. This will
occur if, supposing and to be the shades at the beginning
and end of a specious present, and are indistinguishable,
while A recollected is distinguishable from when occurs.
The supposition we have to make about a perceived motion is not quite
analogous to this, but has certain points in common with it. Suppose
that we are perceiving a motion in a case where we know the physical
stimulus to consist of a discrete series, as in the cinema. Let us
suppose that of these stimuli can be comprised within one specious
present, and that each produces an element in the percept. Then the
percept at one instant consists of elements , ,
... , which are arranged in an order by the degree of fading.
Let us suppose that we cannot distinguish from nor
from , but that we can distinguish from .
In that case our present percept will be indistinguishable from the
percept of a continuous motion. The percept will in fact contain parts
that are not processes, but these parts will be imperceptible. The
analogy with the case of the colours arises through the existence, in
each case, of a series in which differences of neighbouring terms are
imperceptible while those of distant terms are perceptible. And it
elicits the important principle that a percept may have parts which
are not percepts, so that the structure of a percept may be only
discoverable by inference. It follows also that we need not assume
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