Among the great authorities for acting in this manner, may be mentioned
the celebrated Dr. Pitcairn. In attempting to break the habit in a
Highland chieftain, one of his patients, he exacted a promise that
the latter would every day drop as much sealing-wax into his glass as
would receive the impression of his seal. He did so, and as the wax
accumulated, the capacity of the glass diminished, and, consequently,
the quantity of whisky it was capable of containing. By this plan he
was cured of his bad habit altogether. In mentioning such a whimsical
proceeding, I do not mean particularly to recommend it for adoption;
although I am satisfied that the principle on which its eccentric
contriver proceeded was substantially correct.
A strong argument against too sudden a change is afforded in the case of
food. I have remarked that persons who are in the daily habit of eating
animal food feel a sense of weakness about the stomach if they suddenly
discontinue it, and live for a few days entirely upon vegetables. This
I have experienced personally, in various trials made for the purpose;
and every person in health, and accustomed to good living, will, I am
persuaded, feel the same thing. The stomach, from want of stimulus loses
its tone; the craving for animal food is strong and incessant; and, if
it be resisted, heartburn, water-brash, and other forms of indigestion,
are sure to ensue. In such a case vegetables are loathed as intolerably
insipid, and even bread is looked upon with disrelish and aversion. It is
precisely the same with liquors. Their sudden discontinuance, where they
have been long made use of, is almost sure to produce the same, and even
worse consequences to the individual.
I cannot give any directions with regard to the regimen of a reformed
drunkard. This will depend upon different circumstances, such as age,
constitution, diseases, and manner of living. It may be laid down as a
general rule, that it ought to be as little heating as possible. A milk
or vegetable diet will commonly be preferable to every other. But there
are cases in which food of a richer quality is requisite, as when there
is much emaciation and debility. Here it may even be necessary to give
a moderate quantity of wine. In gout, likewise, too great a change of
living is not always salutary, more especially in advanced years, where
there is weakness of the digestive organs, brought on by the disease.
In old age, wine is often useful to sustain the system, more especially
when sinking by the process of natural decay. The older a person is, the
greater the inconvenience of abstaining all at once from liquors, and
the more slowly ought they to be taken away. I cannot bring myself to
believe that a man who for half a century has drunk freely, can suddenly
discontinue this ancient habit without a certain degree of risk: the idea
is opposed to all that we know of the bodily and mental functions.
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