=Ligaments of the Hip-joint= (Fig. 25, _F_).—The hip-joint is made up of the ilium, ischium, pubis and femur and is a deep ball-and-socket joint. The cavity or acetabulum is called a cotyloid cavity. The hip-joint is provided with three ligaments. The _ligamentum capsulare femoris_ is attached around the rim of the cotyloid cavity and around the rim of the articular head of the femur (Fig. 25, No. _F_, 4). The _ligamentum teres_, or _round ligament_, is a very short ligament which closes the hole at the floor of the cotyloid cavity, at which point it is attached. It is also attached to the head of the femur. The _ligamentum ilio-sacrale_ strengthens the hip-joint capsule. It passes from the lower anterior rim of the os ilii, extending over the capsule to the neck of the femur to which it is attached. =The Ligaments of the Knee-joint= (Figs. 16 and 17).—The knee-joint is made up of the femur, patella, tibia and fibula, and is provided with the following ligaments: The _ligamentum extero-laterale genu_ is a strong ligament extending from the condylus externus femoris, or external femoral condyle to the outer surface of the head of the fibula, or capitulum fibulæ. From this head there passes inward, a strong ligament to a point between the femur and fibula (Fig. 25, No. _D_, 4). [Illustration: FIG. 16.—Ligaments and muscles of the hind extremity. _A._ A transverse section through the tibial or tarsal cartilage, front view. 1, Gastrocnemius tendon. 2, Flexor perforatus annularis primus pedis. 3, Flexor perforans digitorum profundus. 4, Flexor perforatus indicis secundi pedis. 5, Extensor longus hallucis. 6, The articular surface. 7, Ligamentum capsulare ossis tarsi. 8, Flexor perforatus medius secundus pedis. 9, Flexor perforatus indicis secundus pedis. 10, Tendons of the extensor muscles. _B._ Knee-joint. Inside view of femoro-tibial articulation. 1, Anterior ligamentum cruciatum. 2, Internal ligamentum laterale genu. 3, Anterior patellar ligament. 4, Patella. 5, Distal end of femur. 6, Proximal end of tibia. 7, Location of meniscus or pad of fibrocartilage. _C._ Anterior view of tibio-tarsal articulation. 1, Distal end of tibia. 2, Its articular surface. 3, Ligamentum anticum. 4, Proximal end of metacarpus. 6, Pad of fibrocartilage. _D._ The dorsal surface of the coccyx. 1, The bilobate oil gland. 2, Its duct. 3, Levator coccygis. _E._ Inside view of pelvis and thigh. 1, Obturator internus. 2, Ambiens. 3, Vastus internus. 4, Internal ligamentum laterale genu. 5, Tibialis anticus. 6, Loop through which the tibialis anticus passes. 7, Adductors of the thigh. 8, Loop for the extensor tendon. ]