The _ligamentum laterale externum_ and the _ligamentum laterale internum_ unite the bases of the second, third and fourth toes to the lateral faces of the trochleas of the inferior extremity of the metatarsus. The bases of the toes are held together by the _ligamenta transversa_. All the rest of the toes are held together by the _ligamenta capsularia digitorum pedis_ and by two lateral ligaments, namely: the _ligamentum laterale externum_ and the _ligamentum laterale internum_. MYOLOGY =Kinds and Structure of Muscles.=—Muscles are highly specialized structures which have the property of contractility when stimulated, and thus produce motion. Muscular tissue is sometimes called flesh. Two kinds of muscles are recognized; muscles of locomotion and visceral muscles. The muscles of locomotion may be in masses of different shape attached to the skin, the _dermal_, or to the skin and skeletal structure, the _dermo-osseous_, or from one bone to another, the _skeletal_. The visceral muscles form sheets and make up a portion of the wall of many of the hollow organs, such as the intestines, the stomach, the gizzard, the esophagus, and the blood-vessels. A special type of muscle forms the heart. When classified with reference to structure, muscular tissue is divided into three types, as follows: voluntary-striated, involuntary, and involuntary-striated. The microscopic examination of each of these types of muscle shows it to be made up of fibers, these fibers to be made up of muscle cells, the muscle cell to be inclosed in a delicate tubular sheath, or membrane, called the _sarcolemma_. This membrane, tough and elastic, isolates each fiber. The bundles of fibers, called _fasciculi_, are surrounded by a fibrous sheath, which is called the _perimysium internum_; and the entire muscle has likewise an investing sheath of connective tissue, called the _perimysium externum_. The muscular cells show a longitudinal striation marking the fibrillæ, and they also show a cross striation. Nuclei are found just beneath the covering, or sarcolemma, in the striated muscle cell (Fig. 77, No. 2). In the involuntary and in the involuntary-striated muscle cell, the nuclei are centrally located. The _voluntary-striated muscles_ consist of cylindrical fibers and with a few exceptions, are under the control of the will. A muscle of this type, the regular skeletal form, usually has at each extremity a fibrous structure, called a tendon, by means of which it is attached to the bones. The intermediate fleshy portion of the muscle, in case of considerable bulk, is called the belly of the muscle. The _involuntary_, _non-striated_, or _smooth muscle_, cells are spindle-shaped, long, and pale in color (Fig. 77, No. 1). The cells lie end to end forming fibers. These fibers do not terminate in tendons, but are arranged in sheets and aid in forming the walls of the digestive tract, to which they give the power of contraction and expansion.