The Anatomy of Vegetables Begun: With a General Account of Vegetation founded thereonGrew, Nehemiah
Science
The Anatomy of Vegetables Begun: With a General Account of Vegetation founded thereon
Grew, Nehemiah
Botany -- Pre-Linnean works; Plant anatomy
Nor is there greater Art in the Forms, than in the Foulds or Postures
of _Leaves_; both answerably varying, as this or that way they may be
most agreeable. Of the _Quincuncial_ posture, so amply instanc’d in by
the Learned Dr. _Brown_, I shall omit to speak. Others there are, which
though not all so universal, yet equally necessary where they are; giving
two general advantages to the Leaves, Elegancy and Security, _sc._ in
taking up, so far as their Forms will bear, the least room; and in being
so conveniently couch’d, as to be capable of receiving protection from
other parts, or of giving it to one another; as for instance,
First, There is the _Plain-Lap_, where the Leaves are all laid
somewhat convexly one over another, but not plaited; being to the
lengthy, breadth and number of Leaves most agreeable; as in the Buds
of _Pear-tree_, _Plum-tree_, &c. But where the Leaves are not thick
set, as to stand in the _Plain-lap_, there we have the _Plicature_;
as in _Rose-tree_, _Strawberry_, _Cinquefoyl_, _Burnet_, &c. For the
Leaves being here plaited, and so lying in half their breadth, and
divers of them thus also collaterally set together, the thickness of
them all, and half their breadth, are much alike dimensions; by which
they stand more secure within themselves, and in better consort with
other _Germen-Growths_ in the same Truss. If the Leaves be much indented
or jagg’d, now we have the same Duplicature; where there are divers
Plaits in the same Leaf, or Labels of a Leaf, but in distinct Sets, a
lesser under a greater; as in _Tansey_, &c. When the Leaves stand not
collaterally, but single, and that they are moreover very broad; then
we have the _Multiplicature_; as in _Gooseberries_, _Mallows_, &c. the
Plaits being not only divers in the same Leaf, but of the same set
continuant, and so each Leaf gather’d up in five, seven, or more Foulds,
in the same manner as our Gentlewomens Fans: Where either the thickness
of the Leaf will not permit a _flat lap_, or the fewness of their
number, or the smallness of their Fibres, will allow the _Rowl_, there
this may be observed; which is sometimes single, as in _Bears-Ears_;
sometimes double, the two _Rowls_ beginning at each edge of the Leaf,
and meeting in the middle. Which again, is either the _Fore-Rowl_, or
the _Back-Rowl_. If the Leaf be design’d to grow long, now we have the
_Back-Rowl_, as in _Docks_, _Primroses_, &c. For the main Fibres, and
that with a considerable part of the _Cortical Body_ standing prominent
from the _Back-plain_ of the Leaf, they thus stand securely couch’d up
betwixt the two _Rowls_; on whose security the growth of the Leaf in
length depends. But _Bears-Ears_, _Violets_, &c. upon contrary respects,
are rowled up inwards. Lastly, there is the _Tre-Rowl_, as in _Fern_;
the _Labels_ whereof, though all rowled up to the _main Stem_, yet could
not stand so firm and secure from the Injuries either of the Ground
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