The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
Socketed celts not more than ¾ of an inch in length have been found
in Ireland, but with sockets large enough for serviceable handles, so
that they might possibly have been used as chisels. The diminutive
celts, about 2 inches in length, which have been found in large numbers
in Brittany, and have been regarded by French antiquaries as votive
offerings, might also by some possibility have served as tools; but
this can hardly have been the case with the Arras specimen. A golden
celt found in Cornwall is said to have been in the possession of the
Earl of Falmouth,[491] but nothing is known of it by the present
Viscount Falmouth, and the statement in the “Barrow Diggers” is
probably erroneous.
It will be well to postpone the account of the different hoards of
bronze objects, in which socketed celts have been found with other
tools and weapons, until I come to treat of such ancient deposits,
though some of them have already been mentioned.
Turning now to the socketed celts which have been discovered in
Scotland, we find them to present a considerable variety of types,
though hardly so great as that exhibited by those from England, and the
recorded instances of their finding are comparatively few in number.
In Fig. 162 is shown a socketed celt of the plain kind which was found
at Bell’s Mills,[492] on the Water of Leith, Edinburgh, in company
with those given as Figs. 164 and 165.
A celt found in a bog between Stranraer and Portpatrick,
Wigtonshire,[493] like Fig. 162, but with a bead at the level of the
top of the loop, has been figured.
The nearly square-necked celt shown in Fig. 163 is of a broader type
than usual, and was found at North Knapdale,[494] Argyleshire.
Socketed celts with oval necks, and resembling the common Irish type,
Fig. 167, in form, have occasionally been found in Scotland. One (3¼
inches), with a double moulding round the mouth, was found on Arthur’s
Seat, Edinburgh. Another (3 inches) was found with several other
socketed celts and a spear-head near the Loch of Forfar. One of these,
like Fig. 150, has a round socket and a twelve-sided neck.
A celt with a long socket and narrow blade was found, with
spear-heads, bronze armlets, and some pieces of tin, at
Achtertyre,[495] Morayshire.
Another type, which appears to be more especially Scottish, has
the ornamented moulding placed on the neck of the blade in such a
manner as to run through the loop. One of this character, dug up
near Samson’s Ribs,[496] Arthur’s Seat, Edinburgh, has been figured
by Professor Daniel Wilson. A second (2⅞ inches), with three raised
bands passing through the loop, was found in the Forest of Birse,[497]
Aberdeenshire.
[Illustration: Fig. 163.—North Knapdale. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 164.—Bell’s Mills. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 165.—Bell’s Mills. ½]
A type which is also common to England is shown in Fig. 164 from
another of the Bell’s Mills specimens.
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