The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
Socketed celts with two loops have not as yet been recorded as found
within the United Kingdom, though a stone mould for celts of this
form was found at Bulford Water, Salisbury. In Eastern Europe the
form is more common. The specimen shown as Fig. 179 was found in the
neighbourhood of Kertch,[517] and is now in the British Museum. I have
seen others ornamented on the faces, brought from Asiatic Siberia by
Mr. H. Seebohm. Others from Siberia[518] have been figured. One of
these is without loops, and has chevron ornaments in relief below a
double moulding.
A socketed celt with two loops, and apparently hexagonal at the neck,
found at Ell, near Benfeld, Alsace, is figured by Schneider.[519]
I have elsewhere described a two-looped socketed celt from
Portugal[520] (6½ inches). It is like Fig. 120, but has a second loop.
Another, of gigantic dimensions, 9½ inches long and 3½ inches wide,
was found in Estremadura, Portugal.[521]
A two-looped celt with square socket and the loops at the junction
with the flattened blade was in the great hoard found at Bologna. Only
one of the loops, however, is perforated.
In the museum at Stockholm are also some socketed celts with two loops.
In looking over these pages, it will have been observed, that though
socketed celts occur in numbers throughout the British Isles, yet
that those found in England for the most part differ in form from
those found in Ireland, and that some few types appear to be peculiar
to Scotland. Traces of continental influence are, as might have been
expected, most evident in the forms found in the southern counties of
England, and are barely, if at all, perceptible in those from Ireland
and Scotland. Some few of the socketed celts from both England and
Scotland are of the type Fig. 167—a type so common in Ireland as to
be characteristic of it—and these appear for the most part, though
by no means exclusively, to have been found in western counties.
Although, therefore, the first socketed celts in Britain were doubtless
of foreign origin, there was no regular importation of them for use
over the whole country; but the fashion of making them spread through
local foundries, and different varieties of pattern originated in
various centres, and were adopted over larger or smaller areas as
they happened to commend themselves to the taste of the bronze-using
public. The use of socketed celts would, from their abundance, seem
to have extended over a considerable period; and from their having
apparently been found with objects belonging to the Late Celtic Period
they must have been among the last of the bronze tools or weapons to
be superseded by those of iron. A socketed celt, somewhat like Fig.
116 but more trumpet-mouthed, is stated to have been found in company
with a looped spear-head, two pins like Figs. 453 and 458, a bronze
bridle-bit, and some portions of buckles of a late Celtic character on
Hagbourne Hill, Berks. These objects are now in the British Museum, and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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