The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
It is also to be observed that of the two hammer-like instruments found
together in the Harty hoard one is much larger than the other, and may
have formed the head of a stake or anvil, while the other served as a
hammer. Still, as a rule, a flat stone must have served as the anvil
in early times, as it does now among the native ironworkers of Africa,
and did till quite recently, for many of the country blacksmiths and
tinkers of Ireland.[648] Among Danish antiquities some carefully made
anvils of stone occur, but I am not certain as to the exact age to
which they should be assigned.
[Illustration: Fig. 217.—Fresné la Mère. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 218.—Fresné la Mère. ½]
Bronze anvils of the form now in use are of extremely rare occurrence
in any country. That figured by Sir William Wilde[649] appears to me to
be of more recent date than the Bronze Period, and I am not aware of
any other specimen having been found in the British Isles; but as it
is a form of tool which may eventually be discovered, it seems well to
call attention to it by engraving a French example. This anvil is shown
in two views, in Figs. 217 and 218. As will be seen, it is adapted for
being used in two positions, according as one or the other pointed
end is driven into the workman’s bench. In one position it presents
at the end two plane-surfaces, the one broad and the other narrow,
inclined to each other at an angle of about 120 degrees, so that their
junction forms a ridge. This part of the anvil has seen much service,
as there is a thick burr all round it, caused by the expansion of the
metal under repeated blows. On the projecting beak there are three
slight grooves gradually increasing in size, and apparently intended
for swages in which to draw out pins. In the other position the anvil
presents no smooth surface on which to hammer, but a succession of
swages of different forms—some half-round, some V-shaped, and some
W-shaped. There are also some oval recesses, as if for the heads of
pins. The metal of which the anvil is made appears to contain more tin
than the ordinary bronze, and therefore to be somewhat harder. On one
face is the mark of the runner ⅞ inch in diameter, which was broken off
after the tool was cast.
This interesting tool was found with the hammer already mentioned,
a spear-head, a double-edged knife or razor, a knife with the end
bent round so as to present a gouge-like edge, and a large curved
cutting-tool of the same character (Fig. 247), all of bronze, at
Fresné la Mère, near Falaise, Calvados. With them was a magnificent
gold torque with recurved cylindrical ends, the twisted part being of
cruciform section; and a plain penannular ring or bracelet, formed from
what was a cylindrical rod. The whole find is now in my own collection.
It is not by any means improbable that this anvil was rather the tool
of a goldsmith of the Bronze Age than that of a mere bronze-worker.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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