The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
In my own collection is one of these looped socketed hammers, nearly
square in section, from Auvernier, in the Lake of Neuchâtel. Others
from Swiss Lake-dwellings, both with and without loops, are engraved
by Keller. Professor Desor has a hammer expanding towards the end
from the Lake of Neuchâtel.[642] A hammer found at Mœrigen[643]
seems to have been formed from a portion of a looped palstave. The
Lake-dwellers frequently utilized such broken instruments. Another
hammer, from the Lake of Bienne,[644] is hexagonal in section, and
ornamented with reversed chevrons on its faces.
They are occasionally found in Hungary. I have seen one ornamented
with chevrons in relief upon the sides. One with saltires on the
sides, and some fragments of others, were in the Bologna hoard.
The object engraved by Madsen[645] as possibly the ferrule of a lance
may be a hammer of this kind.
A solid bronze hammer (4½ inches), of oblong section, with two
projecting lugs on each side for securing the handle, found near
Przemysl, Poland, was exhibited at the Prehistoric Congress at Pesth.
It was found with a bronze spear-head, and is in the Museum of the
Academy of Sciences at Cracow.
As to the manner in which these socketed hammers were mounted we have
no direct evidence. It seems probable, however, that many of them had
crooked hafts of the same character as those of the socketed celts. It
is worth notice that on some of the coins of Cunobeline[646] there is
a seated figure at work forging a hemispherical vase, and holding in
his hand a hammer which in profile is just like a narrow axe, the head
not projecting beyond the upper side of the handle. A seated figure
on a hitherto unpublished silver coin of Dubnovellaunus, a British
prince contemporary with Augustus, holds a similar hammer, or possibly
a hatchet, in his hand. But though when in use as hammers they were
mounted with crooked shafts, it is quite possible that some of these
instruments may have been fitted on to the end of straight stakes and
have served as anvils. The Rev. W. C. Lukis, F.S.A., informs me that
at the present day the peasants of Brittany make use of iron-tipped
stakes, which, when driven into the ground, form convenient anvils on
which to hammer out the edges of their sickles, and which have the
great advantage of being portable. Though such anvils are not, so far
as I am aware, any longer used in this country, traces of their having
been formerly employed appear to be preserved in our language, for a
small anvil to cut and punch upon, and on which to hammer cold work, is
still termed a “stake.”
It is worthy of remark that an implement of the same kind as these
so-called socketed hammers, and made in the same manner, of a very hard
greyish alloy, was found in the cemetery at Hallstatt,[647] and was
regarded by the Baron von Sacken as a small anvil. A bronze file was
found with it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account