The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
Two others in solid bone from barrows at Garton[838] and Bishop
Wilton, Yorkshire, have been figured by Dr. Thurnam. The former is
here by permission reproduced. That from the well-known Gristhorpe
tumulus,[839] near Scarborough, in which the body lay in the hollowed
trunk of an oak-tree, is more neatly made, being of oval outline with
a projecting bead round the base. It has holes for three pins.
Another pommel of an ornamental character was found with burnt bones
in an urn at Wilmslow, Cheshire, and is engraved in the _Journal of
the British Archæological Association_,[840] from which Fig. 283 is
here reproduced. The receptacle is so small that the haft to which it
was attached probably consisted of but a single piece of ox-horn or
wood. It appears as if the mortise had been made by drilling three
holes side by side.
A very remarkable and beautiful hilt of a sword or dagger, formed of
amber of a rich red colour and inlaid with pins of gold, was found in
a barrow on Hammeldon Down,[841] Devonshire. By the kindness of the
Committee of the Plymouth Athenæum I am enabled to give two views
and a section of this unique object in Fig. 284. Instead of a socket
or mortise, there is in this instance a tenon, or projection, which
entered into a mortise or hole in the handle. On each side of this
tenon is a small mortise of the same length, and through the tenon
have been drilled two small holes, one from each side, for pins to
attach the pommel to the handle. A small part of the pommel which was
broken off in old times seems to have been united to the main body by
a series of minute gold rivets or clips, but this piece has again been
severed, though the pins round the margin of the fracture remain. This
pommel seems disproportionately large for the slightly fluted blade,
of which a fragment was found in the same barrow.
[Illustration: Fig. 284.—Hammeldon Down. 1/1]
A small object of amber, apparently the pommel of a diminutive dagger,
was found in a barrow at Winterbourn Stoke,[842] Wilts. A small knife
or scraper, mounted in a handle formed of two pieces of amber, secured
by two rivets and bound with four strips of gold, is also preserved at
Stourhead.[843] The blade is at the side like that of a hatchet.
Amber was used for inlaying some of the ivory hilts of iron swords at
Hallstatt.
The bronze object shown full size in Fig. 285 may not improbably be
the pommel of the hilt of a dagger or sword. The hole through the base
is irregular in form, and may be accidental. It was found in the hoard
at Reach Fen, Cambridge, in which were also the tip of a scabbard and
some fragments of swords, as well as two large double-edged knives.
A somewhat similar object is in the Musée de l’Oratoire, at Nantes.
Another, found at Grésine,[844] Savoy, has been regarded as the tip
for a scabbard. Another was found in the department of La Manche.[845]
[Illustration: Fig. 285.—Reach Fen. 1/1]
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