The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.Evans, John
History
The Ancient Bronze Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments, of Great Britain and Ireland.
Evans, John
Bronze age -- Great Britain; Bronze age -- Ireland; Great Britain -- Antiquities
In Fig. 53 is shown a winged celt without stop-ridge found in
Burwell Fen, Cambridgeshire, and now in my own collection. The side
flanges or wings have been hammered into three facets, and are well
developed. The form of the blade is otherwise that of a flat celt,
except that there is a slight irregularity in the sweep of the sides,
which results from the hammering of the flanges. The form occurs
occasionally in Ireland, and one (4¼ inches) is figured by Wilde.[253]
Winged celts of nearly the same form, but provided with a stop-ridge,
are occasionally found. One of these in the British Museum, found at
Bucknell, Herefordshire, is shown in Fig. 54. The blade below the
stop-ridge is 9/16 inch thick; above it only ⅜ inch. A celt of much
the same character (7¼ inches), found at Wolvey, Warwickshire, is in
the collection of Mr. M. H. Bloxam, F.S.A.
[Illustration: Fig. 53.—Burwell Fen. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 54.—Bucknell. ½]
The double curvature of the sides may be noticed in the narrow
chisel-like celt shown in Fig. 55. The blade in this instance tapers
both ways from a line just below the wings, but without there being
any actual stop-ridge; a third slope is produced by the lower part of
the blade having been drawn down by hammering to form the edge. The
original was found at Culham, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire, and is in my
own collection.
[Illustration: Fig. 55.—Culham. ½]
I have another specimen, 4½ inches long, and half as wide again as the
Culham chisel, which was found near Dorchester, Oxon. The blade at
the lower end of the wings is an inch wide, but in the straight part
between that point and the edge only a little more than ¾ inch wide.
Although these instruments are so narrow that they may be regarded as
chisels rather than axes, yet from their general character so closely
resembling that of Fig. 53, I have thought it best to insert them here.
A Scotch example will be subsequently cited.
Another form of winged celt without stop-ridge is shown in Fig. 56.
In this the blade is flat, and the wings, which form triangular
projections, stand at right angles to it. Had they been hammered
over to form semicircular receptacles on each side of the blade the
instrument would have been more properly described as a palstave. It
was found with others near Reeth, in the North Riding of Yorkshire,
and is in the collection of Canon Greenwell, F.R.S., where are also
other specimens of this type from Linden, Northumberland (5¼ inches);
Brompton, N.R., Yorkshire (5¼ inches); and Wolsingham, Durham (5⅜
inches).
[Illustration: Fig. 56.—Reeth. ½]
[Illustration: Fig. 57.—Dorchester. ½]
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