I. UPPER ASIA, which begins at the river Indus. The chief provinces are GEDROSIA, CARMANIA, ARACHOSIA, DRANGIANA, BACTRIANA, the capital of which was _Bactra_; SOGDIANA, MARGIANA, HYRCANIA, near the Caspian sea; PARTHIA, MEDIA, its chief city _Ecbatana_; PERSIA, the cities of _Persepolis_ and _Elymais_; SUSIANA, the city of _Susa_; ASSYRIA, the city of _Nineveh_, situated on the river _Tigris_; MESOPOTAMIA, between the _Euphrates_ and _Tigris_; BABYLONIA, the city of _Babylon_ on the river Euphrates. II. ASIA BETWEEN THE PONTUS EUXINUS AND THE CASPIAN SEA. Therein we may distinguish four provinces. 1. COLCHIS, the river _Phasis_, and mount _Caucasus_. 2. IBERIA. 3. ALBANIA; which two last-mentioned provinces now form part of Georgia. 4. The greater ARMENIA. This is separated from the lesser by the Euphrates; from Mesopotamia by mount _Taurus_; and from Assyria by mount _Niphates_. Its cities are _Artaxata_ and _Tigranocerta_, and the river _Araxes_ runs through it. III. ASIA MINOR. This may be divided into four or five parts, according to the different situation of its provinces. 1. _Northward_, on the shore of the Pontus Euxinus; PONTUS, under three different names. Its cities are, _Trapezus_, not far from which are the people called _Chalybes_ or _Chaldæi_; _Themiscyra_, a city on the river _Thermodon_, and famous for having been the abode of the Amazons. PAPHLAGONIA, BITHYNIA; the cities of which are, _Nicæa_, _Prusa_, _Nicomedia_, _Chalcedon_ opposite to Constantinople, and _Heraclea_. 2. _Westward_, going down by the shores of the Ægean sea; MYSIA, of which there are two. The LESSER, in which stood _Cyzicus_, _Lampsacus_, _Parium_, _Abydos_ opposite to Sestos, from which it is separated only by the Dardanelles; _Dardanum_, _Sigæum_, _Ilion_, or _Troy_; and almost on the opposite side, the little island of _Tenedos_. The rivers are, the _Æsepus_, the _Granicus_, and the _Simois_. Mount _Ida_. This region is sometimes called Phrygia Minor, of which _Troas_ is part. The GREATER MYSIA. _Antandros_, _Trajanopolis_, _Adramyttium_, _Pergamus_. Opposite to this Mysia is the island of LESBOS; the cities of which are, _Methymna_, where the celebrated _Arion_ was born; and _Mitylene_, which has given to the whole island its modern name Metelin. ÆOLIA. _Elea_, _Cumæ_, _Phocæa_. IONIA. _Smyrna_, _Clazomenæ_, _Teos_, _Lebedus_, _Colophon_, _Ephesus_, _Priene_, _Miletus_. CARIA. _Laodicea_, _Antiochia_, _Magnesia_, _Alabanda_. The river _Mæander_. DORIS. _Halicarnassus_, _Cnidos_. Opposite to these four last countries, are the islands CHIOS, SAMOS, PATHMOS, COS; and lower, towards the south, RHODES. 3. _Southward_, along the Mediterranean; LYCIA, the cities of which are, _Telmessus_, _Patara_. The river _Xanthus_. Here begins mount _Taurus_, which runs the whole length of Asia, and assumes different names, according to the several countries through which it passes. PAMPHYLIA. _Perga_, _Aspendus_, _Sida_.