Transcriber Note Text emphasis denoted by _Italics_ and =Bold=. THE ANCIENT VOLCANOES OF GREAT BRITAIN [Illustration] THE ANCIENT VOLCANOES OF GREAT BRITAIN BY SIR ARCHIBALD GEIKIE, F.R.S. D.C.L. Oxf., D. Sc. Camb., Dubl.; LL.D. St. And., Edinb. DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND; CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE; OF THE ACADEMIES OF BERLIN, VIENNA, MUNICH, TURIN, BELGIUM, STOCKHOLM, GÖTTINGEN, NEW YORK; OF THE IMPERIAL MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY AND SOCIETY OF NATURALISTS, ST. PETERSBURG; NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, MOSCOW; SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY, CHRISTIANIA; AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY; OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES OF LONDON, FRANCE, BELGIUM, STOCKHOLM, ETC. WITH SEVEN MAPS AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS IN TWO VOLUMES VOL. I London MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited. NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. 1897 _All rights reserved_ TO M. Ferdinand Fouqué MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE PROFESSOR OF THE NATURAL HISTORY OF INORGANIC BODIES IN THE COLLÈGE DE FRANCE AND M. Auguste Michel-Lévy MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE DIRECTOR OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF FRANCE DISTINGUISHED REPRESENTATIVES OF THAT FRENCH SCHOOL OF GEOLOGY WHICH BY THE HANDS OF DESMAREST FOUNDED THE STUDY OF ANCIENT VOLCANOES AND HAS SINCE DONE SO MUCH TO PROMOTE ITS PROGRESS THESE VOLUMES ARE INSCRIBED WITH THE HIGHEST ADMIRATION AND ESTEEM PREFACE