The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
The Antrim plateau, in these respects, resembles the others. But as
has already been remarked, it differs from them in one important
particular. It has nowhere been disrupted by huge bosses of younger
rocks, such as have broken up the continuity of the old lava-fields
further north. Yet it also is not without its memorials of younger
protrusions. It contains not a few excellent examples of true volcanic
vents, and, as above stated, it includes some small acid bosses that
may represent the great protrusions of the Inner Hebrides, and may have
been connected with superficial outflows of rhyolitic lava and showers
of rhyolitic tuff.
ii. MULL, MORVEN AND ARDNAMURCHAN
This plateau covers nearly the whole of the island of Mull, embraces a
portion of Morven on the Argyleshire mainland, and, stretching across
Loch Sunart, includes the western part of the peninsula of Ardnamurchan
(Map VI.). That these now disconnected areas were once united into a
continuous lava-field which extended far beyond its present limits
is impressively indicated by their margin of cliffs and fringe of
scattered islands and outliers. The plateau went west, at least, as far
as the Treshnish Isles, which are composed of basalt. On its eastern
border, a capping of basalt on the top of Beinn Iadain (1873 feet) in
Morven, and others further north, prove that its volcanic sheets once
spread into the interior of Argyleshire (Fig. 266). On the south, its
fine range of lofty cliffs, with their horizontal bars of basalt, bear
witness to the diminution which it has undergone on that side; while,
on the north, similar sea-walls tell the same tale. Not only has it
suffered by waste along its margin, it has also been deeply trenched
by the excavation of glens and arms of the sea. The Sound of Mull
cuts it in two, and the mainland portion is further bisected by Loch
Sunart, and again by Loch Aline. The island of Mull is so penetrated
by sea-lochs and divided by deep valleys that a comparatively slight
depression would turn it into a group of islands. But, besides its
enormous denudation, this plateau has been subjected to disruption,
and perhaps also to subsidence, from subterranean movements. In the
southern portion of the island of Mull it has been broken up by the
intrusion of large bosses and sheets of gabbro, and by masses as
well as innumerable veins of various granitoid and felsitic rocks.
In Ardnamurchan, it has suffered so much disturbance from the same
cause that its original structure has been almost obliterated over a
considerable area. Moreover, it has been dislocated by many faults,
by which different portions have been greatly shifted in level. The
most important of these breaks is one noticed by Professor Judd, and
visible to every tourist who sails up the Sound of Mull. It traverses
the cliffs on the Morven side, opposite Craignure, bringing the basalts
against the crystalline schists, and strikes thence inland, wheeling
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