The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
An examination of the fragments of rock found in the conglomerate
affords here, as in Canna and Sanday, some indication of the direction
in which the river flowed. The occurrence of pieces of red sandstone,
which no one who knows West-Highland geology can fail to recognize
as of Torridonian derivation, at once makes it clear that the higher
grounds from which they were borne probably lay to the north or
north-east. The fragments of white sandstone may also have been
derived from the same quarter, for the thick Jurassic series of Eigg
once extended further in that direction. The pieces of quartzite and
clay-slate bear similar testimony to an eastern or north-eastern
source. In short, there seems every probability that this old Tertiary
river flowed through a forest-clad region, of which the red Torridon
mountains of Ross-shire, the white sandstone cliffs of Raasay and Skye,
and the quartzite and schist uplands of Western Inverness-shire are but
fragments, that it passed over a wide and long tract of the volcanic
plateau, and continued to flow long enough to be able to carve out for
itself a channel on the surface of the basalt. Its course across what
is now the island of Eigg took a somewhat north-westerly direction,
probably guided by inequalities on the surface of the lava-plain. It is
there marked by the winding ridge of the Scuir, the pitchstone of which
flowed into the river-bed and sealed it up. Several minor spurs, which
project from the eastern side of the main ridge, show the positions
of small tributary rivulets that entered the principal channel from
the slopes of the basaltic tableland. One of these, on the south-east
side of the hill called Corven, must have been a gully in the basalt
with a rapid or waterfall. The pitchstone has flowed into it, and some
of the rounded pebbles that lay in the channel of this vanished brook
may still be gathered where the degradation of the pitchstone has once
more exposed them to the light. That the Eigg river here flowed in a
westerly direction may be inferred from the angle at which the beds of
the small tributaries meet the main stream, and also from the fact that
the old river-bed at the east end of the Scuir is considerably higher
than at the west end.
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