The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
I have myself been able to land on Hysgeir in two successive summers,
and can entirely confirm Prof. Heddle's identification. The islet
stands on the eastern edge of the submarine ridge which, running in a
north-easterly direction, culminates in the island of Canna. Hysgeir
is a mere reef or skerry, of which the top rises only 38 feet above
the Ordnance datum-level. Its surface is one of bare rock, save where
a short but luxuriant growth of grasses has found root on the higher
parts of two or three of its ridges, and on the old storm-beach of
shingle which remains on the summit. The rock undulates in long low
swells, that run in a general direction 20° to 45° west of north, and
are separated by narrow channels or hollows. The place is a favourite
haunt of gulls, terns, eider-ducks and grey seals, and is used by the
proprietor of Canna for the occasional pasturage of sheep or cattle.
So numerous are the sea-fowl during the breeding-season that the
geologist, intent upon his own pursuits, may often tread on their nests
unawares, while he is the centre of a restless circle of white wings
and anxious cries.
The pitchstone of Hysgeir, like that of Eigg, is columnar, the columns
being irregularly polygonal and varying from three to ten inches in
diameter. They are packed so close together that the domes of rock on
which their ends appear look like rounded masses of honeycomb. They may
here and there be observed to be arranged radially with their ends at
right angles to the curved exterior of the ridges, as if this external
surface represented the original form of the cooled pitchstone, and
were not due to mere denudation. There can be no doubt, however, that
the island has been well ice-worn.
At the north-west promontory a beautiful example of fan-shaped grouping
of columns may be observed on a face of rock which descends vertically
into the sea. Here, too, is almost the only section on which the sides
of the columns may be examined, for, as a rule, it is merely their ends
on the rounded domes which are to be observed, and which everywhere
slip under the waves. The columns in a cliff from 15 to 20 feet high
show the slightly wavy, starch-like arrangement so often to be met with
among the plateau-basalts.
The rock presents a tolerably uniform texture throughout, though
in some parts it is blacker, more resinous, and less charged with
porphyritic enclosures than in the general body of the rock. Large
fresh felspars are generally scattered through it. To the naked eye it
reproduces every feature of the pitchstone of the Scuir of Eigg.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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