The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)Geikie, Archibald
Science
The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain, Volume 2 (of 2)
Geikie, Archibald
Volcanoes -- Great Britain
A microscopic examination completes our recognition of the identity of
these two rocks. Mr. Harker has examined a thin slice prepared from the
Hysgeir pitchstone, and remarks regarding it that "the large felspars
are not the only porphyritic element. The microscope shows the presence
also of smaller imperfect crystals of augite, very faint green in the
slice, and small grains of magnetite. The felspars have been deeply
corroded by the enveloping magma, and irregular included patches of the
groundmass occupy nearly half the bulk of some of the crystals. This
latter feature is seen especially in some of the larger crystals, which
seem to be sanidine. They are, for the most part, apparently simple
crystals, but in places there is a scarcely defined lamellar twinning,
or, again, small patches not extinguishing with the rest; so that
we are probably dealing with some perthitic intergrowth on a minute
scale.[259]
[Footnote 259: Comp. Prof. Judd's remarks on the Scuir of Eigg rock,
_Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc._ vol. xlvi. (1890), p. 380.]
"Rather smaller felspar-crystals are rounded by corrosion, but
lack the inclusions of groundmass; these have albite-and sometimes
pericline-lamellation, and may be referred to oligoclase-andesine.
The groundmass of the rock is a brown glass with perlitic cracks,
enclosing very numerous microlites of felspar about ·001 inch in length
[6619]. The rock is probably to be regarded as a dacite rather than a
rhyolite, and thus agrees with Mr. Barker North's analysis of the Eigg
pitchstone."[260]
[Footnote 260: _Op. cit._ p. 379.]
There is no trace of any conglomerate _in situ_ like that under the
Scuir of Eigg, nor of any other rock, aqueous or igneous. As the
pitchstone everywhere slips under the sea, its geological relations are
entirely concealed.
The great variety of materials met with in the form of boulders on
the island is a testimony to the transport of erratics from the
neighbouring islands and the mainland during the Glacial Period. The
most abundant rock in these boulders is Torridon Sandstone, derived
no doubt from the hills of Rum, but there occur also various kinds of
schist, gneisses, quartzites, granites, porphyries, probably from the
west of Inverness-shire, as well as pieces of white sandstone, probably
Jurassic, which may have come from Eigg.
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